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真实世界数据——老年多支病变 CABG长期生存率高于PCI

2012-04-09 刘敏 中国医学论坛报

  3月27日,由美国心脏病学会基金会(ACCF)和胸外科医师学会(STS)联合开展的一项纳入近19万例65岁以上多支病变患者的大型观察性研究ASCERT表明,冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)较经皮冠状动脉介入( PCI)治疗拥有更高的长期(4年)生存率。论文同天在线发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》(N Engl J Med)。   研究纳入ACCF C

  3月27日,由美国心脏病学会基金会(ACCF)和胸外科医师学会(STS)联合开展的一项纳入近19万例65岁以上多支病变患者的大型观察性研究ASCERT表明,冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)较经皮冠状动脉介入( PCI)治疗拥有更高的长期(4年)生存率。论文同天在线发表于《新英格兰医学杂志》(N Engl J Med)。

  研究纳入ACCF CathPCI登记和胸外科医师学会成人心脏手术数据库(ACD)2004至2007年86244例CABG、103549例PCI患者。

  比较发现,≥65岁两支或多支冠脉血管病变患者,CABG和PCI相比第1年死亡率无显著差异(6.2%对6.6%;风险比为0.95;95%CI,0.90~1.00);第一个4年死亡率,CABG组较PCI组更低(16.4%对20.8%;风险比为0.79;95%CI,0.76~0.82)。

  依据性别、年龄、有无糖尿病、体质指数(BMI)等进行亚组分析亦发现,CABG组4年风险比较低。

  各方声音

  “本研究数据来自整个美国” 研究领导者温特劳布(Weintraub)指出,此前6项相关观察性研究中,3项为多中心研究,3项为单中心研究,均显示CABG有较好效果。本研究数据来自整个美国,提示全美范围CABG较PCI长期生存率更高。Weintraub提到,SYNTAX试验显示,对三支血管病变患者, CABG组3年总死亡率和心源性死亡率显著低于PCI组。SYNTAX研究的死亡率比本研究低很多,可能因其纳入患者更年轻或合并症更少。

  “治疗策略仍须优先考虑随机试验” 哈佛医学院莫里(Mauri)认为,本研究有效性很大程度上取决于混杂因素控制是否足够。非随机队列研究中两组患者年龄、性别、共病和治疗紧迫性有显著差异。倾向分数也提示研究存在选择偏倚。即使以倾向分数校正,研究者作结论时依然谨慎,也承认残余混杂存在可能。在治疗策略问题上,须仍优先考虑随机试验。

  “ASCERT研究结果值得重视 ” 河北医科大学第二医院傅向华教授谈到,该研究样本量大,结果值得重视。两组患者4年死亡率存在差异,可能由于研究纳入的是多支病变老年患者,对该人群,美国心外科拥有更成熟技术。

  “研究反映的是美国情况 ” 傅教授强调,治疗策略制定要结合中国具体临床医疗条件,尤其是所在医院心脏内外科的实践经验。美国心外科实力强大,我国与之存在一定差距,且国内不同医疗机构CABG水平参差不齐。另外,内外科医生共同决策才能得出对患者最有利的方案,国内心脏团队合作还有待进一步加强。

  “患者最大利益是策略制定的出发点” 傅教授指出,患者最大利益是策略制定者的出发点。必要时心脏内外科医生共同解释治疗策略,不但充分考虑病情需要,还要考虑患者心理和经济承受能力,在尊重患者意愿前提下制定最佳方案。

  傅教授最后总结,该结果并不意味着搭桥手术对于所有患者都是最好的选择,主要局限性在于组间危险分层不同,PCI术后有不良事件的患者可能都是病重患者。



    

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    2024-02-13 1dea4a7em68(暂无匿称) 来自福建省

    谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-11-18 lovetcm

    CABG优势很大.只是创伤大

    0

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