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盘点:2017年里,这9篇论文都证实:运动有益健康(改变肠道菌群、延缓细胞衰老、降低死亡风险……)

2017-12-17 chen 生物探索

在即将过去的2017年,来自全球的科学家团队通过多篇论文力证了“合理运动有益健康”这一真理。

每周3次高强度运动能减缓帕金森病恶化;运动会改变肠道菌群组成;运动对大脑健康有好处;高强度运动延缓细胞衰老;一周运动一次或两次会降低死亡风险……在即将过去的2017年,来自全球的科学家团队通过多篇论文力证了“合理运动有益健康”这一真理。今天,小编遴选了具有代表性的9篇,和大家一同分享。


先说最近的。12月11日,最新发表在JAMA Neurology杂志上的一篇论文称,一项2期临床试验的结果表明,每周三次高强度运动不仅对早期帕金森病患者是安全的,同时,还能延缓相关症状恶化。这是科学家们首次测试高强度运动对帕金森病患者的影响。

帕金森病是第二大最常见的神经退行性疾病。这项新研究中共招募了年龄在40到80岁之间的128位参与者。这些参与者都还处于帕金森病的早期阶段,没有服用相关药物。这保证了该研究的结果是与运动相关,而不是受药物影响。

具体来说,科学家们调查了每周高强度(心律保持在最大心律的80%-85%)或中等强度(心律保持在最大心律的60%-65%)运动3次的安全性和有效性。6个月后,临床医生对参与者的帕金森病进行等级评定,分数范围在0到108之间。数字越大,症状越严重。

在参加锻炼前,这些参与者的得分约为20,而试验结束后,“高强度运动组”的参与者依然保持在20分,“中等强度运动组”的参与者升高了1.5分,“未锻炼组”的参与者升高了3分。同时,该研究还证实,这些帕金森病患者进行高强度运动是安全的。

领导该研究的Daniel Corcos教授说:“与其它研究不同,这一研究参与者数量较多,且运动的时间也相对更长(大部分运动类研究都是为期12周)。我们认为,越早干预,越有可能阻止疾病的恶化。现在已经证实,高强度运动能够延缓症状恶化达6个月,是否能延缓更久的时间还需要进一步的调查。”

2#、3# 两篇论文首次明确证实:运动改变肠道菌群组成,有利于健康

除了这项新研究外,今年9月和11月,同一个研究小组先后发表在Gut MicrobesMedicine & Science in Sports & Exercise杂志上的两篇论文首次证实,运动能够改变肠道微生物的组成,而且,这份积极影响与其他因素(例如饮食、抗生素)无关。


近期,发表在NeuroImage杂志上的这一研究调查了有氧运动对大脑海马区域的影响。结果显示,有氧运动可以改善记忆功能、保持大脑健康。作者称,这一研究提供了迄今为止“关于运动对大脑健康有益处”的一些最权威的证据。


6月,发表在Frontiers in Human Neuroscience杂志上的一项研究表明,经常参加体育锻炼的老年人可以扭转大脑衰老的迹象,其中,舞蹈的益处尤为显著。
6#高强度运动,延缓细胞衰老

4月,发表在Preventive Medicine上的一项研究显示,只要你愿意流汗,你可能就能够减缓细胞中的衰老。具体来说,这一研究发现,始终保持高强度身体活动的人比那些久坐不动的人以及中度活动的人具有显著更长的端粒。


4月,发表在Preventive Medicine上的一项研究显示,只要你愿意流汗,你可能就能够减缓细胞中的衰老。具体来说,这一研究发现,始终保持高强度身体活动的人比那些久坐不动的人以及中度活动的人具有显著更长的端粒。


3月,发表在Cell Metabolism杂志上的一项研究称,运动——特别是有氧运动中的高强度间歇训练,如骑自行车和步行,能够促进细胞为线粒体和核糖体生产更多的蛋白质,从而有效地在细胞水平上延缓衰老。

8# JAMA子刊:一周即便运动一次,也是好滴!(doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.8014

今年年初,发表在JAMA Internal Medicine上的这项研究称,一周即便锻炼一次也可以有益健康、延长寿命。长达8年的调研数据表明,相比于不运动,即便一周运动一次或两次,也会降低30%的死亡风险。


最后,介绍一下本月发表在顶级医学期刊《柳叶刀》杂志上的这篇论文。尽管该研究的主要结论是,空气污染严重时运动无益,但是,该研究同样也证实,在“好环境”下运动2小时后,参与研究的志愿者的肺活量得到了显著改善,同时,健康志愿者和慢性阻塞性肺病患者的动脉僵硬度降低24%以上,心脏病患者的动脉僵硬度降低19%以上。

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    2018-11-16 1e180d0dm79(暂无匿称)

    嗯嗯,学习到啦

    0

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    2018-11-16 1e180d0dm79(暂无匿称)

    嗯嗯

    0

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    2017-12-22 lou.minghong

    学习了谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-12-21 llaq

    运动有益

    0

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    2017-12-20 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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