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AAC 2015:依索唑胺(ethoxzolamide)——结核病人的新救星

2015-07-25 MedSci MedSci原创

结核病(TB)是一种由结核杆菌引起的传染性疾病,最常见的是肺结核。世界卫生组织(WHO)粗略统计,全世界约有20亿人感染结核杆菌,但大多数情况下,机体免疫系统可抵御结核杆菌的侵袭。但如果机体免疫系统降低,则结核杆菌便可进行广泛传播并引起疾病。且结核杆菌本身具有规避免疫系统的能力。在journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy中,来自密歇根州立大学的研究

patient having injection

结核病(TB)是一种由结核杆菌引起的传染性疾病,最常见的是肺结核。

世界卫生组织(WHO)粗略统计,全世界约有20亿人感染结核杆菌,但大多数情况下,机体免疫系统可抵御结核杆菌的侵袭。但如果机体免疫系统降低,则结核杆菌便可进行广泛传播并引起疾病。且结核杆菌本身具有规避免疫系统的能力。

在journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy中,来自密歇根州立大学的研究团队(MUS)描述了磺胺类化合物ethoxzolamide具有抑制结核菌规避免疫系统能力这一作用,他们还发现该药物可以减轻感染结核小鼠的症状。微生物学副教授Robert Abramovitch宣布,他们发现了ethoxzolamide可抑制TB杆菌规避免疫系统,使得TB杆菌无法在白细胞中生长繁殖。TB杆菌具有适应机体免疫系统内环境的优势,例如可以改变自身酸碱度或Ph值,由此可以免受机体免疫系统的攻击。“我们发现ethoxzolamide具有抑制结核杆菌检测内环境酸碱度的能力,”教授说,“该药物正是作用于这一环节,并抑制TB杆菌改变酸碱度,使得它们可以被机体免疫系统发现并清除。”

在实验中,教授和他的同事们筛选了273000种可能对抑制TB杆菌有效的化合物。

在早期研究中,Abramovitch教授已经开发出一种荧光生物传感器,在模拟机体遭受结核杆菌感染的情况下,该生物传感器可发出绿色荧光。并以此来筛选药物。他们进行了几个试验,表明“ethoxzolamide可以抑制并减少结核杆菌在机体巨噬细胞和感染小鼠中的生长(巨噬细胞是一种结核杆菌可以侵入并复制和繁殖的免疫细胞)。这一发现让研究团队备受鼓励,因为这一结果表明,ethoxzolamide不仅可以防止结核病的扩散,也可能减少结核病的治疗时间,并有效解决结核杆菌耐药性的问题。

结核杆菌对常规使用的抗结核药物具有耐药性,这一现象已十分普遍。最常见的原因就是治疗结核病需要很长的时间。Abramovitch解释说道:“若想让一个病人体内的所有结核杆菌全部杀死是十分困难的。缩短治疗时程将有助于避免耐药菌株的出现和发展。”他还指出,没有必要把所有的结核菌都杀死杀死细菌来治疗结核病,使用药物增强病人的免疫力,并且有力抑制结核杆菌规避免疫系统这两种方案也是有效的。

原始出处:

Benjamin K. Johnson et al., The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ethoxzolamide inhibits the Mycobacterium tuberculosis PhoPR regulon and Esx-1 secretion and attenuates virulence, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, August 2015, DOI:10.1128/AAC.00719-15,abstract.

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    2016-06-30 lxg951
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    2015-11-08 xjbtdbs150wgf

    国外的思维方式值得我们借鉴

    0

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    2015-11-08 xjbtdbs150wgf

    他们的理论说法其实不新鲜,只是理论阐述有其新意,其提高免疫力,缩短或使治疗显得有效的做法在我国早有使用,我在临床上经常在标准抗痨基础上联用提高免疫力的药物。

    0

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    2015-07-30 lovejing

    期待早日运用到临床

    0

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