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Nat Chem Biol:苯丙酮尿症具淀粉样变病特征

2012-07-03 张笑 中国科学报

据《自然—化学生物学》Nature Chemical Biology的一项报告显示,科学家发现症状表现为苯丙氨酸浓度升高的代谢疾病——苯丙酮尿症(PKU)具有淀粉样变病的显著特点,包括有毒蛋白纤维的增加。 在PKU病变中,苯丙氨酸的累积一直被认为会产生神经毒性,但人们一直都不清楚这种毒性机理。鉴于此,PKU患者的苯丙氨酸摄入量必须被小心控制。在老年痴呆症和其他以蛋白纤维累积为特征的淀粉样变病中,

据《自然—化学生物学》Nature Chemical Biology的一项报告显示,科学家发现症状表现为苯丙氨酸浓度升高的代谢疾病——苯丙酮尿症(PKU)具有淀粉样变病的显著特点,包括有毒蛋白纤维的增加。

在PKU病变中,苯丙氨酸的累积一直被认为会产生神经毒性,但人们一直都不清楚这种毒性机理。鉴于此,PKU患者的苯丙氨酸摄入量必须被小心控制。在老年痴呆症和其他以蛋白纤维累积为特征的淀粉样变病中,芳香族氨基酸如苯丙氨酸被认为是加速淀粉样物质累积过程的重要因素之一。特别是在β-淀粉样蛋白中,两种相连苯丙氨酸的残留物似乎能调节多肽链之间的分子间作用,从而对老年痴呆症中蛋白纤维累积产生影响。

Ehud Gazit等人通过证明苯丙氨酸自身就能产生有毒蛋白纤维的方式,在这两种疾病间建立起一种直接的联系。

PKU中的苯丙氨酸在一定浓度下,能自组形成淀粉样纤维。患有PKU的小鼠体内会产生苯丙氨酸蛋白纤维抗体,这可能是PKU导致的一种结果,因为在未患病小鼠体内没发现这些抗体的存在。

此外,患病小鼠的大脑内会产生斑块——这是淀粉样变病的特征之一。以上结果为从分子水平上研究PKU提供了一个深入的见解,同时,该研究也指出:针对典型性淀粉样变病的治疗方法或许对治疗PKU也有帮助。

doi:10.1038/nchembio.1002
PMC:
PMID:

Phenylalanine assembly into toxic fibrils suggests amyloid etiology in phenylketonuria

Lihi Adler-Abramovich, Lilach Vaks, Ohad Carny, Dorit Trudler, Andrea Magno, Amedeo Caflisch, Dan Frenkel & Ehud Gazit

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is characterized by phenylalanine accumulation and progressive mental retardation caused by an unknown mechanism. We demonstrate that at pathological concentrations, phenylalanine self-assembles into fibrils with amyloid-like morphology and well-ordered electron diffraction. These assemblies are specifically recognized by antibodies, show cytotoxicity that can be neutralized by the antibodies and are present in the hippocampus of model mice and in parietal cortex brain tissue from individuals with PKU. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration that a single amino acid can form amyloid-like deposits, suggesting a new amyloidosis-like etiology for PKU.

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    2013-06-08 liye789132251
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    2013-02-05 sunylz
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