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Transl Res :高盐饮食居然可以对抗感染

2015-03-09 MedSci MedSci原创

    传统观点认为,摄取过多的氯化钠对身体有害。高盐饮食与高血压、心血管疾病,甚至是自身免疫性疾病。但是一项新的研究显示高盐饮食可以提高免疫力。研究人员发现皮肤中的高盐水平可以帮助小鼠对抗病毒,并且人类也可能在感染部位囤积氯化钠。    “我们认为盐存储可能已经进化为宿主防御的想法是非常令人兴奋的,” 任职于圣路易斯华盛顿大学的免疫学家

传统观点认为,摄取过多的氯化钠对身体有害。高盐饮食与高血压、心血管疾病,甚至是自身免疫性疾病。但是一项新的研究显示高盐饮食可以提高免疫力。研究人员发现皮肤中的高盐水平可以帮助小鼠对抗病毒,并且人类也可能在感染部位囤积氯化钠。

“我们认为盐存储可能已经进化为宿主防御的想法是非常令人兴奋的,” 任职于圣路易斯华盛顿大学的免疫学家格温.兰多夫说,“这个新研究成果让人难以接受。我认为这将需要一些时间,让免疫社区帮助将这个概念可以占据上风。”

科学家们最近才得知当我们消耗大量的盐钠离子后,皮肤的结缔组织可以作为一个水库。任职于纳什维尔的范德比尔特大学医学院的临床药理学家和本研究的原则作者——Jens Titze,在研究小鼠膳食盐摄入量时发现即使老鼠在低盐饮食状态下,受伤的皮肤仍处于高盐浓度水平。Titze和他的同事们意识到,免疫细胞到达受伤的皮肤以对抗感染时,会进入一个盐的微循环。他们推测,感染的皮肤会进入高盐状态以防止入侵者。换句话说,为了保护自己,我们正在腌制我们的细胞。要发现额外的氯化钠是伤害还是帮助机体免疫力,研究人员转向巨噬细胞,这是一种免疫细胞能吞蚀并消化入侵的病原体。活化巨噬细胞杀死入侵者通过释放微生物杀死分子,称为活性氧,研究团队认为高盐的浓度可能会触发免疫细胞产生这些化合物。研究人员从小鼠上提取的巨噬细胞进行培养,并撒上盐,直到发现这些细胞的盐浓度等同于被感染的皮肤细胞盐浓度。盐增加了免疫细胞的微生物杀灭能力,暴露于高剂量的氯化钠的巨噬细胞比那些生长在培养基中没有盐含量的细胞相比,明显释放更多杀菌分子。接下来,研究小组用常见病原体大肠杆菌或利什曼原虫感染巨噬细胞。24小时后,暴露于高氯化钠水平的巨噬细胞下大肠杆菌负载量小于无盐培养的巨噬细胞中的一半,利什曼原虫的感染也同样降低。为了测试食盐摄入量增加是否能够增强活小鼠的免疫防御功能,研究人员2周时间喂养了一组高盐饮食的小鼠和低盐饮食的对照组,然后在小鼠的足垫上感染利什曼原虫。在接下来的20天,两组小鼠均因感染足垫均肿胀,无关于他们的饮食差异。但是在这之后,高盐饮食组的小鼠与低盐组相比,表现出显著较高的恢复率,足垫的肿胀程度也更低,以及更低的病毒寄生负载。

试验表明,高食盐摄入量导致感染皮肤的额外盐分积累,以增强免疫防御。

在人类中,研究小组发现:积盐可能仅限局部感染的部位。经使用最新MRI技术测量其皮肤中钠的含量,该研究小组发现异常高的盐水平的确积聚在人体细菌性感染的皮肤组织中。

结合以上研究的结果,该小组认为,小鼠和人类可能会受益于盐驱动以提振免疫防御。但是,不要因此而增加你盐分的摄入,比如狂吃薯条。因为一个高盐饮食的不利影响超过任何潜在的免疫的好处。通过体外静脉输注、伤口凝胶、或增加一层敷料,以增加感染皮肤中盐的浓度,这也许才是一个更现实的潜在应用。

原始出处:

Yi B1, Titze J2, Rykova M3, Feuerecker M1, Vassilieva G3, Nichiporuk I3, Schelling G1, Morukov B3, Choukèr A4.Effects of dietary salt levels on monocytic cells and immune responses in healthy human subjects: a longitudinal study.Transl Res. 2014 Nov 22. pii: S1931-5244(14)00423-X. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.11.007. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-10-09 bsmagic9140
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    2015-05-12 lq1776
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    2015-08-07 hlycom3356

    期待有更多的研究

    0

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656656, encodeId=9b29165665670, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Fri Oct 09 17:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1667675, encodeId=8ee2166e6750a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab7410252195' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102521, encryptionId=ab7410252195, topicName=高盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b2526161022, createdName=lq1776, createdTime=Tue May 12 03:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35205, encodeId=f1333520544, content=期待有更多的研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=157, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Fri Aug 07 16:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067162, encodeId=70b4206e1620e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Jun 18 06:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1629950, encodeId=19ab162995083, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cfc2102524b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高盐饮食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102524, encryptionId=cfc2102524b2, topicName=高盐饮食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ded321409867, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Mar 11 06:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18016, encodeId=82c71801624, content=关键伤害与获益如何平衡, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=117.136.8.**, createdTime=Mon Mar 09 17:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656656, encodeId=9b29165665670, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Fri Oct 09 17:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1667675, encodeId=8ee2166e6750a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab7410252195' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102521, encryptionId=ab7410252195, topicName=高盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b2526161022, createdName=lq1776, createdTime=Tue May 12 03:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35205, encodeId=f1333520544, content=期待有更多的研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=157, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=332823945, createdName=hlycom3356, createdTime=Fri Aug 07 16:22:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067162, encodeId=70b4206e1620e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Jun 18 06:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1629950, encodeId=19ab162995083, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cfc2102524b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#高盐饮食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102524, encryptionId=cfc2102524b2, topicName=高盐饮食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ded321409867, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Mar 11 06:46:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=18016, encodeId=82c71801624, content=关键伤害与获益如何平衡, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=117.136.8.**, createdTime=Mon Mar 09 17:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-03-09 117.136.8.**

    关键伤害与获益如何平衡

    0

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