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又一COVID-19潜在药物有望上市,GSK/Vir提交单抗VIR-7831紧急使用授权申请

2021-03-30 生物探索 生物探索

近日,葛兰素史克(GSK)与Vir生物技术公司联合宣布,已向美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)提交了单抗药物VIR-7831(GSK4182136)的紧急使用授权(EUA),拟用于治疗12岁以上(40公

近日,葛兰素史克(GSK)与Vir生物技术公司联合宣布,已向美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)提交了单抗药物VIR-7831(GSK4182136)的紧急使用授权(EUA),拟用于治疗12岁以上(40公斤以内)可能存在住院或死亡风险的轻度或中度COVID-19患者。

据GSK和Vir公布的资料显示,VIR-7831是一种具有双重作用的SARS-CoV-2单克隆抗体,该抗体基于Xencor的Xtend?技术,既能阻断病毒入侵健康细胞,又能清除感染细胞。

一项发表在国际期刊《bioRxiv》上的研究指出,与其他单克隆抗体相比,VIR-7831 可与 SARS-CoV-2 棘状蛋白(spike protein)的高度保守表位结合,有效对抗英国、南非和巴西的新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)变异体,避免机体产生耐药性。

据了解,VIR-7831的紧急使用授权(EUA)申请是基于一项Ⅲ期临床试验安全性和有效性的中期分析。该试验共招募了583名COVID-19患者,临床数据显示,与安慰剂组(292 例)相比,接受 VIR-7831 单一疗法的患者(291 例)住院或死亡人数降低了 85%,且患者耐受性良好。

今年3月,鉴于VIR-7831 的疗效显着,独立数据监测委员会(Independent Data Monitoring Committee, IDMC)建议应尽早终止该药的Ⅲ期临床试验,以便将该药尽快用于COVID-19患者的治疗。与此同时,葛兰素史克(GSK)与Vir生物技术公司将以Ⅲ期临床试验数据为基础,向美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)提交生物制品许可申请(BLA)。

值得一提的是,礼来和再生元制药(Regeneron)的COVID-19“抗体鸡尾酒疗法”早在去年11月份就获得了美国食品药品监督管理局的紧急使用授权,但美国官员透露,由于该疗法需要在患者出现症状的短时间内静脉注射才能有效,因此未能在市场上广泛普及。

目前,尽管VIR-7831的研究进展落后于礼来和再生元制药(Regeneron)的“抗体鸡尾酒疗法”,但GSK和Vir表示,计划将于今年第二季度开展两项新的Ⅲ期临床试验COMET-TAIL和COMET-STAR,一方面评估VIR-7831是否会降低COVID-19高风险成年患者的住院率或死亡率,另一方面评估高风险未感染成年人在接受VIR-7831干预后,是否能预防COVID-19的发生。

未来,GSK和Vir将继续与欧洲药品管理局(EMA)以及全球其他监管机构进行讨论,以便尽快为推进VIR-7831的上市。

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