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外媒:中国发起学术打假行动,生物技术领域是“重灾区”

2017-06-20 MedSci 英国《金融时报》

科技部称,107篇论文遭《肿瘤生物学》撤稿事件,严重损害了中国科技界的国际声誉和科技人员的尊严。在科学出版工作中率先采用反剽窃软件的《浙江大学学报》的张月红总编表示,尤其生物技术领域是一个“重灾区”。

中国当局正在打击学术欺诈,此前一份国际医学期刊撤回了中国作者在过去五年里发表的107篇论文,构成史上最大的同行评议造假案例。

《肿瘤生物学》(Tumor Biology)期刊的出版商斯普林格(Springer)表示,之所以撤稿,是因为同行评议流程(由一名独立学者建议发表一篇论文)已被“伪造的同行评议报告故意破坏”。

中国科技部上周表示,这起事件“严重损害了我国科技界的国际声誉和广大科技人员的尊严”。该部誓言对学术造假“零容忍”。

政府承诺对撤稿论文逐一彻查,有些涉事论文作者可能被剥夺学术职务。他们承担或正在申请经费的科研项目已被暂停。

学术出版是中国经济中遭遇假冒的产品、销售数据或评论的最新领域。电子商务受到一波又一波虚假订单的困扰,其目的是提高在线卖家的排名,电影院线也卷入一项争议,涉及政府意图删除对国产电影的差评。

中国要成为世界科技领先者的努力,已经使其成为全球第二大学术发表来源。

然而,《浙江大学学报》的张月红总编表示,学者们受到的发表不了论文就不能晋升的压力,产生了不利影响。

近年来,中国在医学和生物学领域爆出的学术丑闻激增。在科学出版工作中率先采用反剽窃软件的张月红表示,尤其生物技术领域是一个“重灾区”。

去年,食品和药物监管机构发现,81%的药物审批申请在制药公司被要求核查其临床数据后被撤回。

根据加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校(University of California, Davis)的迈克尔·格列内森(Michael Grieneisen)和张明华合写的一篇论文,美国曾经在30年期间一直在学术撤稿方面“领衔”世界,但在2009年被中国超越。

中国英文科技论文编辑联盟(ASEC)理事长夏华向(Harry Xia)表示,自2010年以来,中国和美国的撤稿数量都继续偏高,但考虑到论文的绝对数量,中国的撤稿率与全球平均水平大致相符。

夏华向补充说,不同点在于,中国的撤稿更有可能涉及学术不端行为。追踪学术撤稿的非政府组织“撤稿观察”(Retraction Watch)的数据显示,就同行评议造假导致论文被撤稿而言,中国领先世界。

2015年,《英国医学期刊》的出版商BioMed Central以涉嫌同行评议造假为由,撤回了43篇论文,其中41篇出自中国作者之手。

此外,根据科学刊物《自然》(Nature)的编辑之一卡伦·卡普兰(Karen Kaplan)发表的一篇论文,科学编辑公司的兴起导致研究人员不仅花钱请人校对或检查英文翻译,而且请人进行专业审议,甚至补充数据。

中国政府支持的国家自然科学基金委员会(NSFC)表示,2015-16年期间被主要国际出版社撤回的117篇中国论文中,有28篇曾经过中介公司润色,甚至有一些是花钱请人代写的。

“中国撤稿率较高的一个原因可能是在知名期刊发表论文的研究人员能获得大笔奖金,”撤稿观察联合创始人伊万·奥朗斯基(Ivan Oransky)表示。

在中国,不仅是高校研究人员,就连执业的医生都要在国际期刊上发表论文,才能获得晋升。

“中国需要让科学研究平静下来。这里的研究界太浮躁和缺乏耐心了,”张月红表示。

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    2017-06-21 人间可客

    学习了,谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-06-20 dhzzm

    应该也必须这样

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814653, encodeId=e788181465349, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5277958e353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重灾区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95873, encryptionId=5277958e353, topicName=重灾区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3547346, createdName=dongjia2010, createdTime=Wed Oct 18 11:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1980919, encodeId=bac5198091960, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7fe66934067' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69340, encryptionId=7fe66934067, topicName=生物技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f54230, createdName=xlysu, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213371, encodeId=5a7c2133e166, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuEJWOf8El7MfqtlSpy4eWtPl5cxmNJ4ezwbFf5vtCeh53ITyabFpFIJfKTPlzdh6ibOibVONwHUbm9/0, createdBy=a4351715107, createdName=人间可客, createdTime=Wed Jun 21 07:29:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213222, encodeId=d2ee21322284, content=应该也必须这样, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 20:40:11 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213098, encodeId=55dd213098c2, content=社会环境和体制助长了这一类的人群存在,即便社会环境和体制没有,在某些条件里一样会有学术不端的行为存在,不过呢?肯定是要少些,但对于一些特殊的人,那种不端就比较隐蔽或者更无耻了。李峨, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160607/IMG5756D2541D42D1901.jpg, createdBy=dfe51733476, createdName=1def2877m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 20 10:29:41 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213091, encodeId=5ed02130913e, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=08bb2061153, createdName=189****7206, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 10:14:42 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-20 1def2877m95(暂无匿称)

    社会环境和体制助长了这一类的人群存在,即便社会环境和体制没有,在某些条件里一样会有学术不端的行为存在,不过呢?肯定是要少些,但对于一些特殊的人,那种不端就比较隐蔽或者更无耻了。李峨

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1814653, encodeId=e788181465349, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5277958e353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重灾区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=95873, encryptionId=5277958e353, topicName=重灾区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3547346, createdName=dongjia2010, createdTime=Wed Oct 18 11:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1980919, encodeId=bac5198091960, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7fe66934067' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物技术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69340, encryptionId=7fe66934067, topicName=生物技术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f54230, createdName=xlysu, createdTime=Thu Dec 28 07:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213371, encodeId=5a7c2133e166, content=学习了,谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6KcicAVC1MwuEJWOf8El7MfqtlSpy4eWtPl5cxmNJ4ezwbFf5vtCeh53ITyabFpFIJfKTPlzdh6ibOibVONwHUbm9/0, createdBy=a4351715107, createdName=人间可客, createdTime=Wed Jun 21 07:29:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213222, encodeId=d2ee21322284, content=应该也必须这样, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 20:40:11 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213098, encodeId=55dd213098c2, content=社会环境和体制助长了这一类的人群存在,即便社会环境和体制没有,在某些条件里一样会有学术不端的行为存在,不过呢?肯定是要少些,但对于一些特殊的人,那种不端就比较隐蔽或者更无耻了。李峨, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160607/IMG5756D2541D42D1901.jpg, createdBy=dfe51733476, createdName=1def2877m95(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 20 10:29:41 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=213091, encodeId=5ed02130913e, content=学习了谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5Kzuf9u71gZhPYMiajRtENwicoAABeQtfXOlic8ibhYSy6DvJZWUDVtjRvTfqBffr1XJ6JLtFB5kHicthl/0, createdBy=08bb2061153, createdName=189****7206, createdTime=Tue Jun 20 10:14:42 CST 2017, time=2017-06-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-20 189****7206

    学习了谢谢分享。

    0

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