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Cell子刊:宋红军、明国丽夫妇 寨卡病毒研究进展

2016-12-07 佚名 生物通

导语:12月1日,宋红军和明国丽与佛罗里达州立大学的Hengli Tang,在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志上合著了一篇题为“Advances in Zika Virus Research: Stem Cell Models, Challenges, and Opportunities”的综述文章,回顾了干细胞为基础的寨卡病毒研究的重要进展,并讨论了当前的挑战和未来的机遇。约翰霍普金斯大学医

导语:12月1日,宋红军和明国丽与佛罗里达州立大学的Hengli Tang,在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志上合著了一篇题为“Advances in Zika Virus Research: Stem Cell Models, Challenges, and Opportunities”的综述文章,回顾了干细胞为基础的寨卡病毒研究的重要进展,并讨论了当前的挑战和未来的机遇。

约翰霍普金斯大学医学院细胞工程学研究所的神经病学及神经科学教授宋红军(Hongjun Song)和他的夫人明国丽(Guo-Li Ming)是科学界的一对神仙眷侣,他们早在北京大学读书的时候就已经相恋了,现在在事业上两人又相辅相成,共同在神经科学研究领域取得了一个又一个的成就,联合署名发表在Cell、PNAS、Nat Neurosci等国际权威学术期刊上的研究论文目前已有70余篇。

12月1日,宋红军和明国丽与佛罗里达州立大学的Hengli Tang,在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志上合著了一篇题为“Advances in Zika Virus Research: Stem Cell Models, Challenges, and Opportunities”的综述文章,回顾了干细胞为基础的寨卡病毒研究的重要进展,并讨论了当前的挑战和未来的机遇。

干细胞是具有自我更新能力的特殊细胞类型,并能分化成其他类型的细胞。在发育过程中,成体干细胞会为不同组织产生细胞构件;在某些器官中,如大脑,它们继续产生后代,以维持组织的内稳态,并在整个生命中发挥重要的功能。干细胞也可以来自于培养物,如来自囊胚内细胞团的胚胎干细胞(ESC),以及由体细胞重编程的诱导多功能干细胞(iPSCs)。在过去的十年里,干细胞领域已经取得了巨大的进展。现在可以从各种疾病患者获得iPSCs,并在二维(2D)单层培养中定向诱导它们分化为各种类型的细胞,或分化成为三维(3D)器官样的组织,命名为类器官。干细胞已被用于研究器官发育的基本生物学,模型人类疾病,筛选治疗性化合物,并开发细胞替代策略。

最近的基因组编辑技术,可允许有针对性的激活或失活特定基因,或对干细胞做出表观遗传修饰,以解决它们对于特定生物过程的贡献。用以在体内研究成体干细胞的技术也被开发出来,在许多情况下,是在单细胞水平。总之,干细胞领域的基本发现也出现了一些重要原理,对于现代生物学和医学有着重要的贡献。

最近在美洲爆发的寨卡病毒(ZIKV)及其与小头畸形的可能关联,把干细胞置于一些国际研究的前沿。自世界卫生组织(WHO)在今年2月1日宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件之后,干细胞领域已经共同开发了通用平台,用于模拟ZIKV感染,以了解其细胞靶标、发病机制,及相关机制,并测试治疗性干预。

在这篇综述文章中,作者对寨卡病毒以及相关病毒进行了一个总体介绍,并总结了这个迅速发展的领域中所取得的重要研究进展,重点讨论了当前面临的挑战和未来的机遇。

在文章最后,作者总结道,寨卡病毒的流行是一次重大挑战,也为跨学科合作研究病毒、干细胞生物学和人类发展的基本原理,提供了机会。干细胞为基础的ZIKV暴露建模,是“如何实现人类干细胞研究目标,以及基础干细胞生物学领域几十年研究进展如何可让研究人员立即行动以应对全球卫生突发事件”最为明显的一个例子。ZIKV综合征的未来建模,将解决ZIKV感染相关的病理生理学程度和根本生物学机制,也进一步推动平台的发展,促进药物筛选和开发。

今年3月份,宋红军、明国丽夫妇与佛罗里达州立大学的Hengli Tang领导研究团队日以继夜地进行了一个月的研究,他们用人类诱导多能干细胞生成神经细胞,建立了研究寨卡病毒的新平台。相关研究结果发表在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志,显示寨卡病毒能感染形成大脑皮层的神经干细胞,阻碍这些细胞的生长(Cell Stem Cell八大热点文章(5月))。

在2016年4月22日的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上,来自宋红军、明国丽夫妇带领约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的研究人员,将一种脑区域特异性类器官(organoids)公诸于世,它在三维空间中展示了寨卡病毒影响人类大脑的机制。这些类器官数据支持了寨卡病毒偏好感染神经干细胞,及损伤程度差异取决于感染时间的这些观点,详细见:Cell:寨卡病毒导致小脑症在体外类器官模型中确证

原始出处:

Guo-li Ming, Hengli Tang, Hongjun Song.Advances in Zika Virus Research: Stem Cell Models, Challenges, and Opportunities.stem cells.2016.11.

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    2016-12-08 studylzc

    科研界的夫妻档,哈哈?

    0

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