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BMJ Open Diab Res & Care:室外温度升高导致糖尿病高发

2017-03-22 佚名 来宝网

来自莱顿大学医学中心的一个由 Patrick Rensen 教授领导的荷兰研究团队开始着手调查全球温度升高是否可以通过减少 BAT 活动对葡萄糖代谢产生负面影响,从而促进目前的 2 型糖尿病的发展。其目的是在全国和全球范围内评估户外温度与糖尿病发病率和葡萄糖耐受不良率之间的关系。

《BMJ 开放性糖尿病研究与护理》期刊上的研究表示,世界各地的温度升高可能与越来越多的发展中国家中糖尿病患者数量增加有关。

在全世界,2 型糖尿病的患病率近年来迅速增加。2015 年,全球有 4.15 亿成年人患有这种疾病,预计到 2040 年 2 型糖尿病患病率将增加近 55%,达到 6.42 亿。2 型糖尿病早期表现为血糖的升高,后期可发展多种并发症,累及血管系统、肾脏、眼和足部,危害甚大且难以逆转组织损伤。

在人体中,棕色脂肪组织(BAT)的功能是将食物的能量转换为热能,并且先前的研究已经显示将棕色脂肪组织进行冷刺激后,造成了适度的体重下降和胰岛素敏感性的改善,这使得一个人不太可能患糖尿病。


来自莱顿大学医学中心的一个由 Patrick Rensen 教授领导的荷兰研究团队开始着手调查全球温度升高是否可以通过减少 BAT 活动对葡萄糖代谢产生负面影响,从而促进目前的 2 型糖尿病的发展。其目的是在全国和全球范围内评估户外温度与糖尿病发病率和葡萄糖耐受不良率之间的关系。

研究人员使用来自美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)的国家糖尿病监测系统的 1996 年至 2009 年来自美国 50 个州和三个其他地区(关岛,波多黎各和维尔京群岛)的成年人糖尿病发病率数据,此外还从世界卫生组织全球卫生观察站在线数据库系统中分析了 190 个国家人民的空腹血糖和肥胖流行率的数据。这些国家平均年温度数据通过英国东安格利亚大学的气候研究单位获得。

研究人员发现,平均每升高 1℃,糖尿病发病率增加 0.314‰。类似地,葡萄糖不耐受的全世界流行率每升高 1℃升高 0.17%。这些关联趋势是相同的。这些发现表明,2 型糖尿病发病率和全球葡萄糖不耐受的发病率随着室外温度的升高而增加。

根据他们的研究结果,作者计算,仅在美国,环境温度升高 1℃就可能导致每年超过 100,000 例新的糖尿病病例出现,因为 2015 年美国人口接近 3.22 亿人。

这是一项观察性研究,因此不能得出有关原因和效应的确切结论,但作者在汇总结果之前分别对每个状态的纵向状态水平数据进行了分析。他们还发现,一旦他们考虑到重要的国家间差异,如年龄,性别,收入和肥胖后,在全球层面上没有实质性改变研究结果。

由于不能获得关于 BMI 的连续数据,该研究尚无法评估身体质量指数(BMI)与糖尿病发病率或其模型中的发病率之间的关联的直接性。但作者承认,即便他们根据 BMI 调整了结果,以考虑到肥胖患病率,这也只是稍微减少了室外温度和糖尿病之间的关联。

作者总结说,“鉴于近几十年来全球气温上升显着,未来针对环境温度对葡萄糖代谢和糖尿病发病的影响之间的研究是十分重要的。2 型糖尿病的发病不仅仅与自身因素有关,还可能与环境有关。”

原始出处:
Lisanne L Blauw1, N Ahmad Aziz, Martijn R Tannemaat,et al.Diabetes incidence and glucose intolerance prevalence increase with higher outdoor temperature.BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.21 March 2017.

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    2018-03-05 一叶知秋
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    2018-03-03 feather89
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    2017-03-22 万里江山一孤舟

    学习了

    0

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    2017-03-22 lyh994

    那寒冷地区是不是发病率就不高了?

    0

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    2017-03-22 1e15b6fem30(暂无匿称)

    很好的学习资料,谢谢了。

    0

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    2017-03-22 明崖

    应该是有一点联系的

    0

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