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Science Advances:杜克科学家发现:锻炼身体,真的可以防止被炎症“欺负”!

2021-01-30 中国生物技术网 生物探索

人体骨骼肌(又称横纹肌)占体重的45%,它们是由数以千计且具有收缩功能的肌细胞组成。举手投足,都是骨骼肌收缩的成果,对维持生命至关重要。

人体骨骼肌(又称横纹肌)占体重的45%,它们是由数以千计且具有收缩功能的肌细胞组成。举手投足,都是骨骼肌收缩的成果,对维持生命至关重要。

然而,慢性炎症性疾病通常会导致肌肉萎缩和收缩能力不足。尽管运动可能具有抗炎作用,但其潜在机制仍难以捉摸。

北京时间1月23日,发表在《Science Advances》上的一项新研究中,来自美国杜克大学的研究团队通过用实验室培养的工程化肌肉证明,人体肌肉本身就具备一种天生的能力,能在运动时抵御慢性炎症带来的破坏性影响。

炎症本身并没有好坏之分。当身体受伤时,最初的低水平炎症反应可以清除细胞碎片,帮助组织重建。但当免疫系统会过度反应是,产生的就是导致损伤的炎症反应,例如在一些新冠肺炎患者中引起致命的细胞因子风暴。此外,还有一些疾病会导致慢性炎症,如风湿性关节炎和肌少症,这些疾病会导致肌肉萎缩,并削弱其收缩能力。

健康的骨骼肌具有强大的再生能力,通过激活、增殖和分化肌肉干细胞来应对轻微损伤,这一过程在很大程度上有助于局部和全身炎症反应。尤其是干扰素γ(IFN-γ)这种重要的促炎细胞因子,已被证明与各种类型的肌肉萎缩和功能障碍有关。虽然之前对人类和动物的研究表明,通常情况下,运动可以帮助缓解炎症的影响,但很难区分肌肉细胞自身在其中扮演了什么角色,及其如何与干扰素-γ等特定致病分子相互作用。

研究通讯作者、杜克大学生物医学工程系教授Nenad Bursac说:“在运动的过程中,机体发生了许多生物过程,但很难区分哪些系统和细胞在运动的人体内做了什么。我们已建立了工程化肌肉平台,而且是模块化的,这意味着我们可以按需混合和匹配各种类型的细胞和组织成分。在这种情况下,我们发现肌细胞能够自行发挥抗炎作用。”

为了证明肌肉能阻止干扰素γ的破坏力,该研究团队转向了他们的实验室已经开发近十年的工程化肌肉平台。此前,他们已经在皮氏培养皿中培育出可收缩且功能正常的人体骨骼肌,从那以后,该实验室一直在通过向配方中添加免疫细胞和干细胞库等方法改进其过程。

在这项新研究中,研究人员将这些功能齐全的工程化肌肉浸泡在相对高水平的干扰素γ中7天,以模拟长期慢性炎症的影响。正如预期的那样,肌肉变小了,并失去了大部分力量。

实验室培养的肌肉束在钙含量激增时发出荧光,这是衡量肌肉强度的一个指标。在炎症过程中被电刺激以模拟运动的肌肉束(右)与正常肌肉束(左)一样强烈闪光,在慢性炎症中,比未运动的肌肉更亮(中)视频来源:杜克大学

然后,研究人员再次使用干扰素γ,但这一次是通过一对电极刺激肌肉以模拟人体锻炼的效果,并希望通过这一过程诱导一些肌肉生长。随后,他们惊讶地发现,工程化的人体肌肉几乎完全阻止了慢性炎症的影响。它抑制了肌细胞中的一种特定分子途径,而用于治疗风湿性关节炎的两种药物托法替尼和巴利替尼恰好阻断的是同一条具有抗炎作用的途径。

研究第一作者、Bursac实验室博士后研究员Zhaowei Chen说:“我们的研究不仅证实了干扰素γ主要通过一种特定的信号途径发挥作用,还表明运动的肌肉细胞可以直接对抗这种促炎症信号,而不依赖于其他细胞类型或组织。”

Bursac说:“当运动时,肌细胞直接对抗由干扰素γ诱导的促炎信号,这是我们没有预料到的。这些结果表明,工程化肌肉在发现疾病的新机制和潜在治疗方法具有宝贵的价值。有一种观点认为,最佳的运动水平和方式可以对抗慢性炎症,同时不会给细胞造成过度压力。也许通过我们的工程化肌肉,可以帮助验证这种观点是否正确。”

原始出处:

Zhaowei Chen, Binjie Li, Ren-Zhi Zhan,et al.Exercise mimetics and JAK inhibition attenuate IFN-γ–induced wasting in engineered human skeletal muscle.Science Advances 22 Jan 2021:Vol. 7, no. 4, eabd9502.DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9502

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    2022-07-26 1def5843m65(暂无匿称)

    但运动本身也可造成炎症

    0

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    2021-02-15 健康达人

    #运动锻炼#可以减轻身体的各种#炎症#,从而有助于减少#慢病#的发生

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1234921, encodeId=7f1412349212b, content=但运动本身也可造成炎症, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jul 26 18:02:24 CST 2022, time=2022-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802671, encodeId=261418026e14c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Sun Feb 28 03:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924707, encodeId=6425924e071d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>可以减轻身体的各种<a href='/topic/show?id=53c66e0011b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症#</a>,从而有助于减少<a href='/topic/show?id=2f9653e459f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#慢病#</a>的发生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=277, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=67001, encryptionId=53c66e0011b, topicName=炎症), TopicDto(id=53745, encryptionId=2f9653e459f, topicName=慢病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 11:05:48 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=923385, encodeId=2de99233850a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Sun Feb 07 07:30:52 CST 2021, time=2021-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=922360, encodeId=691f922360d1, content=生命在于运动,运动可以抗炎, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 07:40:51 CST 2021, time=2021-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376244, encodeId=90d113e624476, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon Feb 01 05:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1050344, encodeId=cf1a10503441f, content=运动锻炼应该是健康第一要素,对各类疾病都应该有益。但是国内这方面研究太少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=jingjing, createdTime=Sat Jan 30 17:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-02-07 gqylhd

    0

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    2021-02-03 gqylhd

    生命在于运动,运动可以抗炎

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1234921, encodeId=7f1412349212b, content=但运动本身也可造成炎症, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jul 26 18:02:24 CST 2022, time=2022-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802671, encodeId=261418026e14c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Sun Feb 28 03:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924707, encodeId=6425924e071d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>可以减轻身体的各种<a href='/topic/show?id=53c66e0011b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症#</a>,从而有助于减少<a href='/topic/show?id=2f9653e459f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#慢病#</a>的发生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=277, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=67001, encryptionId=53c66e0011b, topicName=炎症), TopicDto(id=53745, encryptionId=2f9653e459f, topicName=慢病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 11:05:48 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=923385, encodeId=2de99233850a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Sun Feb 07 07:30:52 CST 2021, time=2021-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=922360, encodeId=691f922360d1, content=生命在于运动,运动可以抗炎, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 07:40:51 CST 2021, time=2021-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376244, encodeId=90d113e624476, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon Feb 01 05:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1050344, encodeId=cf1a10503441f, content=运动锻炼应该是健康第一要素,对各类疾病都应该有益。但是国内这方面研究太少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=jingjing, createdTime=Sat Jan 30 17:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-02-01 jichang
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1234921, encodeId=7f1412349212b, content=但运动本身也可造成炎症, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7ced1734358, createdName=1def5843m65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jul 26 18:02:24 CST 2022, time=2022-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1802671, encodeId=261418026e14c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acfae485578' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#科学家发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74855, encryptionId=acfae485578, topicName=科学家发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Sun Feb 28 03:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=924707, encodeId=6425924e071d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5d66942366c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#运动锻炼#</a>可以减轻身体的各种<a href='/topic/show?id=53c66e0011b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症#</a>,从而有助于减少<a href='/topic/show?id=2f9653e459f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#慢病#</a>的发生, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=277, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=94236, encryptionId=5d66942366c, topicName=运动锻炼), TopicDto(id=67001, encryptionId=53c66e0011b, topicName=炎症), TopicDto(id=53745, encryptionId=2f9653e459f, topicName=慢病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Mon Feb 15 11:05:48 CST 2021, time=2021-02-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=923385, encodeId=2de99233850a, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Sun Feb 07 07:30:52 CST 2021, time=2021-02-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=922360, encodeId=691f922360d1, content=生命在于运动,运动可以抗炎, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3c31528806, createdName=gqylhd, createdTime=Wed Feb 03 07:40:51 CST 2021, time=2021-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376244, encodeId=90d113e624476, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon Feb 01 05:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-02-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1050344, encodeId=cf1a10503441f, content=运动锻炼应该是健康第一要素,对各类疾病都应该有益。但是国内这方面研究太少, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=jingjing, createdTime=Sat Jan 30 17:10:23 CST 2021, time=2021-01-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-30 jingjing

    运动锻炼应该是健康第一要素,对各类疾病都应该有益。但是国内这方面研究太少

    0

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