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Cochrane Database Syst Rev:抗抑郁药治疗儿童和青少年的慢性非癌症疼痛

2017-09-29 佚名 大话精神

疼痛是世界各地儿童和青少年的常见特征,世界卫生组织对儿童持续疼痛的药理疗法指导方针承认,儿童疼痛是世界大部分地区的重要公共卫生问题。长期临床证据表明,抗抑郁药对一些神经性疼痛效果显着,但其对疼痛的效果不同于对抑郁症的效果;例如,三环类抗抑郁药对疼痛起效的剂量通常比治疗抑郁症的剂量要低。阿米替林在英国是最常应用的治疗神经性疼痛的药物之一。为了研究儿童疼痛药理学干预证据,研究人员对之前的研究进行分析总

作为当今世界发病率的主要原因,慢性病(及其相关疼痛)是一个主要的健康问题。慢性疼痛(持续3个月或以上)可能出现在各种病理生理分类(无感觉、神经性疾病或特发性疾病)中,包括遗传因素、神经损伤疼痛、慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛、慢性腹痛,以及其他未知原因。

疼痛是世界各地儿童和青少年的常见特征,世界卫生组织对儿童持续疼痛的药理疗法指导方针承认,儿童疼痛是世界大部分地区的重要公共卫生问题。

在过去,疼痛基本上被忽视,而且经常得不到治疗,不过随着时间的推移,对儿童疼痛的看法也在逐渐发生改变,目前对疼痛的缓解已成为重要课题。自20世纪70年代以来,抗抑郁药物已被用于成年人的疼痛管理。长期临床证据表明,抗抑郁药对一些神经性疼痛效果显着,但其对疼痛的效果不同于对抑郁症的效果;例如,三环类抗抑郁药对疼痛起效的剂量通常比治疗抑郁症的剂量要低。阿米替林在英国是最常应用的治疗神经性疼痛的药物之一。

为了研究儿童疼痛药理学干预证据,研究人员对之前的研究进行分析总结。

方法

研究人员对2016年9月6日之前的CENTRAL、MEDLINE和Embase中的文献进行筛选,比较抗抑郁药和安慰剂对儿童和青少年疼痛的作用。共有4项研究共272名参与者(6-18岁)纳入研究,这些参与者包括慢性神经性疼痛、复杂的局部疼痛综合征1型、肠易激综合征、功能性腹痛或功能性消化不良患者。由于缺乏数据,且多为小型研究规模,这次审查的证据质量很低。

其中一项研究为阿米替林VS加巴喷丁的研究(34名参与者)、两项研究为阿米替林VS安慰剂的研究(123名参与者)、一项研究为西酞普兰VS安慰剂的研究(115名参与者)。

主要结果

没有人报告称疼痛减轻程度大于等于30%或50%;

没有研究报道总体感觉发生改善;

总体研究证据质量较低。

次要结果

所有研究均调查了不良反应,其中只有11人出现不良反应,且均在治疗组中出现(阿米替林、西酞普兰和加巴喷丁);

所有不良反应均较轻微,如恶心、头晕、嗜睡、疲倦和腹部不适等;

极少有因为不良反应导致的停药,所有研究均没有严重不良反应。

讨论

由于证据较少,且无法进行meta分析,因此,无法评论使用抗抑郁药物治疗儿童和青少年慢性非癌症疼痛的疗效或危害;

有证据表明,成人随机对照试验中,一些抗抑郁药物(如阿米替林),可缓解某些慢性非癌症疼痛的症状;

没有证据表明随机对照试验支持或驳斥使用抗抑郁药物来治疗儿童或青少年的慢性非癌症疼痛。

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    2018-03-09 wetgdt
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    2018-01-14 sunyl07
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    2017-10-02 sunfeifeiyang

    抑郁在中医讲为郁病.痛则不通.不通则痛

    0

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    2017-10-01 bbjsj_1981
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