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癌症免疫疗法的新贵:CD73

2016-04-13 佚名 博生吉

日前,Cell旗下《Trends in Cancer》发表了一篇题为“Anti-CD73 in Cancer Immunotherapy: Awakening New Opportunities”的综述。这一综述讨论了CD73与肿瘤发生、发展以及扩散之间的关系,强调了这一分子作为药物靶标的潜在价值,并表示CD73有望成为个性化癌症治疗中的新生物标志物。 近年来

日前,Cell旗下《Trends in Cancer》发表了一篇题为“Anti-CD73 in Cancer Immunotherapy: Awakening New Opportunities”的综述。这一综述讨论了CD73与肿瘤发生、发展以及扩散之间的关系,强调了这一分子作为药物靶标的潜在价值,并表示CD73有望成为个性化癌症治疗中的新生物标志物。

近年来,癌症免疫治疗的飞速发展使科学界对肿瘤生物学和免疫学有了更好的了解。肿瘤微环境是一个动态的niche,包括了癌细胞、免疫细胞、成纤维细胞、成肌纤维细胞、细胞因子、血管和细胞外基质。肿瘤往往处在缺氧的条件下,且环境中葡萄糖和其它营养物质也很缺乏。

癌症免疫疗法

为了生存,癌细胞在这样的环境下会重组它们的代谢机制。其中,最新的证据表明,调整嘌呤代谢是非常关键的一步,尤其是增加ecto-5′-nucleotidase(CD73)的表达。这种降解酶能够使AMP脱去磷酸,从而会导致肿瘤微环境中免疫抑制和pro-angiogenic adenosine halo的产生,促进癌症的发生和发展。

临床前研究表明,靶向CD73能够产生良好的抗肿瘤作用,且将CD73阻断治疗与其它免疫分子调节剂联合(如CTLA-4抗体、PD-1抗体)是一种极具吸引力的选择。作者们表示,尽管还有很长的路要走,但是通过CD73抗体的发展,抗CD73治疗有望成为抗癌领域的新型生物疗法。

此外,该综述总结了以下四大趋势:

第一,免疫系统对肿瘤细胞的识别和抑制有至关重要的作用。第一代免疫疗法已经使用了数十年,在一些肿瘤类型中取得了成功。然而,大部分免疫疗法依然缺乏实质性效果或特异性,由此引发的副作用限制了这些疗法的临床使用。

第二,在过去的几年里,研究者们对免疫系统与肿瘤之间的复杂关系有了更好的理解,鉴定出了监管两者关系的关键分子,包括CTLA-4、PD-1和PD-L1等。这些发现使癌症免疫疗法再次走到科学前沿。

第三,新型免疫疗法与传统化疗和靶向治疗之间的互补性表明了联合治疗可能带来协同效应。

第四,尽管CTLA-4、PD-1和PD-L1抑制已经在临床中成功应用,但科学家们也在积极研究其它的检查点通路。在这些通路中,ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73)在驱动癌症免疫逃逸中发挥了关键的作用,因此,可能成为发展新型抗癌免疫疗法极具潜力的靶点。

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    2016-10-03 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    深度好文,值得关注

    0

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    2016-04-18 jetleo

    尽管CTLA-4、PD-1和PD-L1抑制已经在临床中成功应用,但科学家们也在积极研究其它的检查点通路

    0

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    2016-04-18 jetleo

    肿瘤微环境是一个动态的niche,包括了癌细胞、免疫细胞、成纤维细胞、成肌纤维细胞、细胞因子、血管和细胞外基质。

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    高大上的文章

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-04-14 hekzn

    学习了 长知识

    0

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    2016-04-14 Lisa971

    免疫疗法,现代运用较多。

    0

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    2016-04-13 lovetcm

    未来多靶点的免疫治疗可能是重要方向

    0

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