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施一公:技术、问题与体系是科研三要素

2016-01-05 彭科峰 中国科学报

日前,在由第二军医大学等举办的第九届全军器官移植学术大会上,中科院院士、清华大学副校长施一公向记者表示,对于科学研究而言,前沿的科学研究不可预测。因此,未来总会让各种详细的预测显得很傻,“实验是唯一的出路”。结合自身的科研经历,施一公认为, 技术、问题与体系,是做好科学研究的三大要素。技术是科学研究的工具,对刚入门的科研人员尤其重要,也是取得研究突破的必备基础,“但其作用会随着时间的推移而减弱”,

日前,在由第二军医大学等举办的第九届全军器官移植学术大会上,中科院院士、清华大学副校长施一公向记者表示,对于科学研究而言,前沿的科学研究不可预测。因此,未来总会让各种详细的预测显得很傻,“实验是唯一的出路”。

结合自身的科研经历,施一公认为, 技术、问题与体系,是做好科学研究的三大要素。技术是科学研究的工具,对刚入门的科研人员尤其重要,也是取得研究突破的必备基础,“但其作用会随着时间的推移而减弱”,因此,要根据问题找技术,而不是学习了技术之后再去找合适的问题。

“问题是科学研究的原动力”,施一公认为,很多人不知道如何提出问题,或者很难提出好问题,这就需要科研人员具备批判性思维。在科学研究中,一味追逐热门领域的研究可能“有得有失”,因为重大研究的突破往往发生在冷门领域,跟风作研究虽然没有风险但是也很难有所建树。

“创新令人激动但风险巨大,错误与无果是家常便饭。因此优秀科学家的最重要素质不是技术能力,而是他们总是选择重要的科学问题。”施一公表示,在现实世界,我们很难知道哪些科学问题更重要,永远无法获知一个重要的问题在哪天可以获得解答。

施一公最后指出,体系是科学研究的重要载体,也是“好问题”的源泉及解决办法。“一半的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖来自于好的体系,而不是好的问题。”因此, 只有建立了相对完善、正确的研究体系,才能更好地发现、提出并解决问题。

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    2016-03-14 wei834766788

    大师

    0

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    2016-01-05 lyh994

    缺一不可

    0

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    2016-01-05 鲜花飞鸟

    实验是唯一的出路,这句话讲得好

    0

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    2016-01-05 不着调的小师兄

    0

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