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华西口腔专家凭咬痕破获凶杀案

2016-12-31 杨丹 向宇 四川在线

华西口腔医院修复科教授、口腔法医学教研室主任陈新民多次参与国内外法医牙医鉴定,被称为口腔医学的“福尔摩斯”。 专家简介:陈新民,主任医师,教授。华西口腔医院修复科副主任、口腔法医学教研室主任,口腔修复专委会委

华西口腔医院修复科教授、口腔法医学教研室主任陈新民多次参与国内外法医牙医鉴定,被称为口腔医学的“福尔摩斯”。

专家简介:陈新民,主任医师,教授。华西口腔医院修复科副主任、口腔法医学教研室主任,口腔修复专委会委员,国际牙医师学院院士(FICD)。长期从事口腔生物力学、口腔法医学的研究工作,发表论文100余篇。主持国家、省部级科研项目10余项。擅长种植、修复治疗、多次参与国内外法医牙医鉴定,被称为口腔医学的“福尔摩斯”。

uber车司机凌晨被杀,唯一线索是手臂上的咬痕;完美的正畸技术,几乎抹杀掉凶手牙齿所有的生理特征,西部首席口腔法医陈新民教授面临挑战……

四川大学华西口腔医院口腔法医学教研室主任陈新民教授告诉记者:这是他口腔法医生涯中破得最为艰辛的案子,也是第一个让他在无形中与同行“交手”的案子:“近乎完美的正畸技术,几乎将凶手牙齿上的生理特征抹杀殆尽,差点让他脱罪。”

2015年年底的一天,公安机关接到报案,在成都东三环外田坎下的水沟里,发现一具无名男尸,公安机关通过天网回放当晚现场,发现死者是一名uber车司机,凌晨从市区拉着一名年轻男子行驶到此处时遇害。三天后,警方在一百多公里外的一个茶楼里将犯罪嫌疑人抓获,受害者的小车一并找到,然而,此时所有的线索都已无法确认,只有死者左上臂的一个O型(圆形)咬痕是唯一犯罪证据,嫌疑人抵死狡辩……咬痕,成为唯一突破口……

为了确认这个咬痕和犯罪嫌疑人之间的关系,成都警方在公安部、公安大学等地四处寻找咬痕专家,但得到的答复都是“没有确切把握。”几经辗转,专案组终于得到一条线索:从成都市公安局一个曾经与华西口腔医院有过三年咬痕课题研究的警官那里,得知华西口腔医院口腔法医学教研室主任陈新民教授对咬痕颇有研究,于是,这个几乎在国内法医界转了一圈的案子,在案发一个月后交到了陈新民教授手里。

“咬痕是罪犯牙齿留下的痕迹,每个人的齿痕就像指纹一样,都有独一无二的生理特征,齿痕和指纹一样,都是法医破案的关键证据之一,而齿痕可以比指纹保存得更长久。”陈新民说:“只要有牙齿,哪怕是变成了化石都可以做鉴定,每个人有32颗牙齿,每颗牙齿都有自己的特征,齿痕是终身不变的牙特征。”专案组找到陈新民教授,一个4人组成的法医破案小组很快诞生,这支破案小组由陈新民教授指挥,他的研究生贾文远做助手,护士陈小丽和公安局的一个法医协助他。

“uber车司机被杀案”是贾文远参加侦破的第一个案子,虽然时隔一年整了,但回忆起当时的情形,贾文远依然难掩兴奋:那时我在修复科实习快一年了,每天给病人取牙模,总感觉千篇一律,“那天下午,突然接到老师电话,让我加入到破案小组给他当助手,特别激动。”

贾文远告诉记者:“早就听说老师很神奇,能够凭咬痕破案,从没想到自己有一天也能加入到其中。”到破案小组第二天,陈新民就带着贾文远和陈小丽先到殡仪馆,准备从遇害司机左臂内侧取下咬痕模型,因为时间隔得太久,咬痕已经部分消失,师生三人仔细辨认,终于取下冰冻咬痕的模型。

随后又赶到看守所准备取犯罪嫌疑人的牙模,这需要法医将手伸进犯罪嫌疑人嘴里,担任这项任务的贾文远有点发慌了:“他已经杀过一个人了,也不会在意再带走我一双手,把手伸进他嘴里,万一给我咬断了怎么办?”陈新民看出了学生眼里的惶恐,果断自己冒险,伸手进犯罪嫌疑人嘴里取下牙齿模型……


“本来齿痕是很有特征性的罪证,却赫然发现,犯罪嫌疑人小时候做过牙齿正畸,他牙齿的个性化特征几乎没有。”当天晚上,陈新民带着贾文远和陈小丽开始挑灯夜战,将犯罪嫌疑人的牙列模型与受害人身上的咬痕一颗一颗比对,从细微的个性化特征分析牙列,再从牙列特征找出牙齿的特征,每颗牙齿比对6、7次之后,再计算10余次,“犯罪嫌疑人的牙齿正畸做得太好了,牙列相当标准,好多做过正过牙的人都没得这么标准。”

正畸科同行们高超的技术,给陈新民带来不小的难度,苦苦寻找了一个通宵,终于发现牙模和咬痕模型上:右上二门牙似乎不规整,向近中扭转15度向面部中缝(鼻梁方向)。

犯罪嫌疑人牙模上的两大特征与被害人身上的咬痕相吻合,再经过周密的计算,几天后,陈新民教授做出了咬痕对比认定:由咬痕推断,犯罪嫌疑人和真正的罪犯之间的误差率在十万分之八以下,由此推断,此疑犯牙列就是造成死者身上咬痕的可能性极大……

一周后,专案小组传来消息,抵死顽抗的犯罪嫌疑人认罪,交代了犯罪经过,在车上,被害司机与犯罪嫌疑人发生了剧烈搏斗,2人都是29岁左右身强力壮的小伙子,uber车司机开始占了上风,用左胳臂死死勒住犯罪嫌疑人的脖子,情急之下,犯罪嫌疑人张嘴一口咬在受害人的左臂上,趁他吃痛松手之际杀害了他……

案子虽然成功破了,但留给陈新民教授新的思考:现在由于正牙相当普遍,很多人的牙列都非常整齐,人们牙齿的个性化特征在逐渐消失,“以前以为牙齿的生理特征终身不变,现在这个格局被改变了,口腔法医面临新的挑战。”


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    2017-03-04 wxsession44fdb74c

    21向内侧旋转15度,还说完美的正畸,华西医院的专家也是醉了

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178581, encodeId=29241e8581a6, content=21向内侧旋转15度,还说完美的正畸,华西医院的专家也是醉了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K40nVcb3eIZ3YAIRRWJ2XRDvFHbjYxBZibicc2ySvTvs3KIdR5EvoIkYRZbpS7Zlm3gumnxFMBjvD8/0, createdBy=69f52030812, createdName=wxsession44fdb74c, createdTime=Sat Mar 04 19:50:04 CST 2017, time=2017-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1445855, encodeId=3df81445855d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=949e3593330' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#华西#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35933, encryptionId=949e3593330, topicName=华西)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/nE4GrbxL2qh8HCfQ9Aic863Ks6MQVCgNnxZib6aVhV679l2JX0YVwulK1GZ3QaOicPXvFNvZHicPicQ95qx3OH9evVw/132, createdBy=cbc15186945, createdName=fengyqf, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 15:29:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167077, encodeId=d6c016e0776f, content=好厉害,佩服, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5Rzegz2kicwSDGST4gkzMm8229KtEaV7JEushLtsOJ4OweeyQ7oiaqU73G1eVialdQSZrH7DWxTgR8pYZ/0, createdBy=e81f1959878, createdName=小大夫快跑, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 18:37:50 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=166965, encodeId=f1f716696508, content=不明觉厉, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 08:54:27 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-01 fengyqf
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=178581, encodeId=29241e8581a6, content=21向内侧旋转15度,还说完美的正畸,华西医院的专家也是醉了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K40nVcb3eIZ3YAIRRWJ2XRDvFHbjYxBZibicc2ySvTvs3KIdR5EvoIkYRZbpS7Zlm3gumnxFMBjvD8/0, createdBy=69f52030812, createdName=wxsession44fdb74c, createdTime=Sat Mar 04 19:50:04 CST 2017, time=2017-03-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1445855, encodeId=3df81445855d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=949e3593330' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#华西#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=35933, encryptionId=949e3593330, topicName=华西)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/nE4GrbxL2qh8HCfQ9Aic863Ks6MQVCgNnxZib6aVhV679l2JX0YVwulK1GZ3QaOicPXvFNvZHicPicQ95qx3OH9evVw/132, createdBy=cbc15186945, createdName=fengyqf, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 15:29:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167077, encodeId=d6c016e0776f, content=好厉害,佩服, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5Rzegz2kicwSDGST4gkzMm8229KtEaV7JEushLtsOJ4OweeyQ7oiaqU73G1eVialdQSZrH7DWxTgR8pYZ/0, createdBy=e81f1959878, createdName=小大夫快跑, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 18:37:50 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=166965, encodeId=f1f716696508, content=不明觉厉, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo6Nx0VGA4QMDzOP8oAgnV4h51EjSfehJ9QxyiaSmw8PB56BhY8KXFSxHCibXrzcy4abrzSibXQPxJ9kzrLcJyhhB8a/0, createdBy=1d3b1672603, createdName=明月清辉, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 08:54:27 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-31 小大夫快跑

    好厉害,佩服

    0

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    2016-12-31 明月清辉

    不明觉厉

    0

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