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STM:吸烟者服用维生素增加患癌风险

2014-02-07 美文 参考消息网

据美联社1月29日报道,具有抗氧化功能的维生素被普遍认为可以产生抗癌作用。但针对吸烟者的研究却发现,大剂量服用维生素实际上可能会增加他们患上肿瘤的风险。一项新的研究现在或许能解释为何出现上述自相矛盾的情况。 瑞典科学家在实验中让一些患上早期肺癌的小鼠服用了抗氧化剂。他们观察到小鼠体内的肿瘤不断长大并具有很强的侵略性,以至于这些小鼠的死亡速度比未接受此种治疗的小鼠提高了一倍。 研究人员1月29日

据美联社1月29日报道,具有抗氧化功能的维生素被普遍认为可以产生抗癌作用。但针对吸烟者的研究却发现,大剂量服用维生素实际上可能会增加他们患上肿瘤的风险。一项新的研究现在或许能解释为何出现上述自相矛盾的情况。

瑞典科学家在实验中让一些患上早期肺癌的小鼠服用了抗氧化剂。他们观察到小鼠体内的肿瘤不断长大并具有很强的侵略性,以至于这些小鼠的死亡速度比未接受此种治疗的小鼠提高了一倍。

研究人员1月29日发布报告称,出现上述情况的原因是,额外摄入的维生素明显妨碍了小鼠体内一种主要抗癌机制的运转。

科学家们强调指出,他们基于针对小鼠的研究结果无法为公众提供一般性建议,但他们的发现为现有的谨慎使用抗氧化剂的做法提供了支持。

上述研究报告的作者之一、哥德堡大学教授马丁·贝尔戈说,“未经确诊的肺部肿瘤在很长一段时间内不会恶化”,但对于一些高危人群,如曾经的烟民而言,摄入额外的抗氧化剂“会加速肿瘤的生长”。

报道称,抗氧化剂是一些能够帮助细胞免受某种类型损伤的化合物。富含抗氧化剂的水果和蔬菜无疑是健康的。而以药物形式摄入过多的抗氧化剂从而给健康带来的影响则引发人们的质疑。针对人体的各项研究得出的结论各不相同,但并未证明维生素补充剂具有防癌作用。而一些研究则认为它们有可能对人体造成伤害。

20世纪90年代展开的一项研究发现,服用β-胡萝卜素会增加吸烟者患上肺癌的风险。不仅仅是吸烟者需要引起重视。2011年的一项研究指出,维生素E补充剂会增加男性患前列腺癌的风险。

美国国家癌症研究所表示,对于已经患上癌症的人而言,“在我们对抗氧化补充剂为癌症病人带来的效果有更多了解之前,癌症病人应谨慎服用这类药物”。

报道指出,但科学家们尚不能从生物学角度解释为何抗氧化剂或许会对人体产生伤害。《科学转化医学》杂志当日刊登的报告在这一方面迈出了第一步。

这项研究没有探讨抗氧化剂能否预防肿瘤的形成,而只是分析了癌症已经出现后所发生的情况。研究人员称,抗氧化剂阻止抑制肿瘤的基因p53获取抑制肿瘤的信号,从而让癌细胞得以从人体的防御系统中逃脱。

原始出处:

Sayin VI, Ibrahim MX, Larsson E, Nilsson JA, Lindahl P, Bergo MO.Antioxidants accelerate lung cancer progression in mice.Sci Transl Med. 2014 Jan 29;6(221):221ra15. 【原文下载】

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    2014-04-14 gdsun
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    2014-07-27 sjq027
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    2014-02-09 lq0307
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