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Cell:新营养疗法有望治愈小儿神经退行性疾病

2013-08-05 koo bio360

小脑发育不全时一种罕见的遗传性神经系统疾病,主要表现为脑组织发育异常,导致患者运动障碍,认知功能低下。大部分患者不会活到成年就死亡。该疾病暂时没有好的治疗方法 现在,加州大学圣地亚哥分校(UCSD)的研究人员鉴定出一个能够引起小脑发育不全疾病的特殊突变基因 AMPD2 。 研究人员表示,该突变导致神经元不能产生合成蛋白需要的能量而最终发展成为小脑发育不全疾病。抑制该基因活性,神经元就会死亡

小脑发育不全时一种罕见的遗传性神经系统疾病,主要表现为脑组织发育异常,导致患者运动障碍,认知功能低下。大部分患者不会活到成年就死亡。该疾病暂时没有好的治疗方法

现在,加州大学圣地亚哥分校(UCSD)的研究人员鉴定出一个能够引起小脑发育不全疾病的特殊突变基因 AMPD2 。

研究人员表示,该突变导致神经元不能产生合成蛋白需要的能量而最终发展成为小脑发育不全疾病。抑制该基因活性,神经元就会死亡;而通过营养供给的方式可以保证神经元存活下来。研究人员指出,这项研究的最终目的是希望有一天该营养供给方法能够缓解该神经退行性疾病,并最终治愈该病。

 

核苷酸是细胞主要的能量来源。在细胞中有两种形式: ATP 和 GTP 。 ATP 是主要的能量来源,而 GTP 负责蛋白合成的能量供给。 AMPD2 基因突变导致 ATP 大量聚集,而造成 GTP 出现短缺。这样的结果导致细胞内能量源不平衡。由于缺乏蛋白合成所必需的能量,该过程不能进行,最终导致神经退行性疾病。

研究人员表示,目前该基因突变貌似无法补救,但是可以用其它方法来保持神经元存活。科学家选择了无视该基因突变,采用提高耐力运动的物质 AICAR 来治疗该病。

研究人员在遗传疾病模型和人类细胞体系中测试了基于 AICAR 的治疗方法。研究人员表示,下一步将会在患有小脑发育不全的小鼠模型中测试 AICAR 的治疗效果,如果效果好的话,接着会进行人体试验。

研究人员指出,暂且还不知道 AICAR 是否在小鼠和人上是否有效,但是在细胞体系上的工作强烈提示该治疗方法是可行的。而小脑发育不全有望将是第一个能够被战胜的神经退行性疾病。

Naiara Akizu, Vincent Cantagrel, Jana Schroth, Na Cai, Keith Vaux, Douglas McCloskey, Robert K. Naviaux, Jeremy Van Vleet, Ali G. Fenstermaker, Jennifer L. Silhavy, Judith S. Scheliga, Keiko Toyama, Hiroko Morisaki, Fatma M. Sonmez, Figen Celep, Azza Oraby, Maha S. Zaki, Raidah Al-Baradie, Eissa A. Faqeih, Mohammed A.M. Saleh, Emily Spencer, Rasim Ozgur Rosti, Eric Scott, Elizabeth Nickerson, Stacey Gabriel, Takayuki Morisaki, Edward W. Holmes, Joseph G. Gleeson. AMPD2 Regulates GTP Synthesis and Is Mutated in a Potentially Treatable Neurodegenerative Brainstem Disorder. Cell, 1 August 2013; DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.07.005

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