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通过胸片识别起搏器的简易三步法

2021-11-24 吉亚军 杨亚莉 冯莉 浙江省海宁市人民医院 湖北省仙桃市第一人民医院 朱晓晓心电资讯

一文读懂!

目前起搏器种类较多,包括单腔起搏器、双腔起搏器、双心室起搏器等,并且不同公司或厂家起搏器工作的基本设置和功能均有所不同,在随访中,准确识别起搏器的生产厂家和起搏器类型,对于起搏器功能及工作状态的判断有重要意义。

图片

Jacob等总结出了通过X线识别心脏起搏装置的方法,主要内容是通过起搏器在X线照射下的特殊外形来分辨,但内容较复杂,不易掌握。

笔者在此基础上,结合作者们在日常工作中遇到的病例及各起搏器厂家提供的说明,归纳总结出通过胸片识别目前国内常见厂家及品牌的单、双腔起搏器的简易三步法,予以介绍如下。

第一步:读X线标识。

起搏器X线标识多由两部分组成,一部分是厂家特有的字母或图案,另一部分是产品型号或该产品对应的程控仪型号,部分厂家型号起搏器会有附加信息或图案,这部分内容可从胸片上直接判读,

如圣犹达公司的起搏器,SJM代表圣犹达公司:HM代表起搏器型号,MRI代表兼容磁共振(图1);

波士顿科学公司:BSC代表波士顿科学公司,011代表产品型号(图1);

百多力公司:前半部分图案代表百多力公司,SF代表产品型号(图1);

美敦力公司:最下部图案代表美敦力公司,PVX代表产品型号,上部波浪线为附加部分,代表兼容磁共振(图1);

索林公司:起搏器X线标识仅有产品型号(图2)。

图1 圣犹达、波士顿科学、百多力、美敦力X线标识

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图2 索林SPX系列起搏器X线标识

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第二步:看起搏器外形。

当起搏器X线标识判读不清,第二步可根据各起搏器具有特征性的外形,来判断起搏器的生产厂家及型号,有些起搏器厂家的部分型号起搏器在X线下具有特征性的外形,易于分辨,Sony Jacob 等在文章中已做出总结,简单归纳如下:

圣犹达起搏器部分型号外形酷似芒果(图3),

波士顿科学起搏器外形和太阳镜片类似(图4),

百多力起搏器看起来像鸟嘴(图5),

索林/Ela起搏器呈红酒杯样(图6),

美敦力的Vitatron起搏器除外电池其余部分呈三角形(图7),

这样特征性的联想也方便医务工作者记忆,从而在看到胸片时轻松判断起搏器类型。

 

图3 圣犹达起搏器 

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图4 波士顿科学起搏器 

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图5 百多力起搏器

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图6 索林公司Ela起搏器

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图7 美敦力公司Vitatron起搏器

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第三步:分辨接线方式。

当部分起搏器并不具有上述特征性形状时,第三步可根据各起搏器的不同接线方式判断。现有各个厂家的起搏器接线方式均不相同,

如圣犹达起搏器典型的接线方式是独有的一个长方形线圈(图8),

波士顿科学起搏器部分接线为数条导线并排,可联想为蜈蚣帮助记忆(图9),

另有部分起搏器接线方式像长梯(图10),

百多力起搏器接线部分和餐桌上的碗筷组合相似(图11),

索林的起搏器接线方式像短梯(图12),

索林公司的Ela起搏器接线方式像杠铃(图13),

美敦力公司起搏器均为并列的圆型或菱形接线点(图14)。

通过以上特殊接线方式在胸片上能清楚的分辨出起搏器的厂商及品牌。

 

图8 圣犹达起搏器

图片

 

图9 波士顿科学起搏器

图片

 

图10 波士顿科学起搏器

图片

 

图11 百多力起搏器

图片

 

图12 索林起搏器

图片

 

图13 索林公司ELA起搏器

图片

 

图14 左为美敦力起搏器,右为美敦力公司Vitatron起搏器

图片

总结:历年来,尽管起搏器生产厂家众多,但经过收购、合并之后,目前国内临床所见主要以美敦力公司、圣犹达公司、波士顿科学公司、百多力公司及索林公司五家起搏器生产厂家的产品为主。

以往临床工作中判断起搏器类型,主要通过患者持有的植入设备识别卡、电子病历信息、起搏器厂家的登记信息等,实际操作过程中,当这些信息获取困难时,就需要一个方便易懂的识别方法来帮助判断。

通过胸片识别起搏器的简易三步法,是作者们在日常的临床工作中,根据所接触到的接受起搏器治疗及随访的患者,结合上述起搏器厂家的实际情况,归纳总结出的方法,旨在帮助非血管专业临床工作的同道,如大内科、急诊、心电图等科室,在接诊起搏器患者的时候,可以通过简单的辅助检查胸片,来判断起搏器厂家型号,从而及时有针对性的进行进一步的诊治。 

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    2021-11-26 HNYYM
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318870, encodeId=2a4a13188e03f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bd0292e077b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#起搏器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92707, encryptionId=bd0292e077b, topicName=起搏器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5494471, createdName=HNYYM, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1446885, encodeId=462e1446885e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=293484132b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胸片#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84132, encryptionId=293484132b0, topicName=胸片)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/PiajxSqBRaEKLKvGibqOiaS8aNUxicnauicTrMjGzKpNxGK8emxaZH22OeU4sEOujftNY904T6neAvAbLXOKONlZziaQ/132, createdBy=3c605291750, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073760, encodeId=bb6c10e376008, content=好文,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0d7c1341677, createdName=50277, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 09:13:20 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073723, encodeId=894510e372374, content=通俗易懂, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c60f5482089, createdName=ms5000000608973645, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:10:17 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073720, encodeId=1f0510e3720ff, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cbcd5675699, createdName=moyanju2796, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:00:39 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-26 hukaixun
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318870, encodeId=2a4a13188e03f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bd0292e077b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#起搏器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92707, encryptionId=bd0292e077b, topicName=起搏器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5494471, createdName=HNYYM, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1446885, encodeId=462e1446885e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=293484132b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胸片#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84132, encryptionId=293484132b0, topicName=胸片)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/PiajxSqBRaEKLKvGibqOiaS8aNUxicnauicTrMjGzKpNxGK8emxaZH22OeU4sEOujftNY904T6neAvAbLXOKONlZziaQ/132, createdBy=3c605291750, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073760, encodeId=bb6c10e376008, content=好文,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0d7c1341677, createdName=50277, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 09:13:20 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073723, encodeId=894510e372374, content=通俗易懂, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c60f5482089, createdName=ms5000000608973645, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:10:17 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073720, encodeId=1f0510e3720ff, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cbcd5675699, createdName=moyanju2796, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:00:39 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-25 50277

    好文,学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1318870, encodeId=2a4a13188e03f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bd0292e077b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#起搏器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=92707, encryptionId=bd0292e077b, topicName=起搏器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5494471, createdName=HNYYM, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1446885, encodeId=462e1446885e9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=293484132b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胸片#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84132, encryptionId=293484132b0, topicName=胸片)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/PiajxSqBRaEKLKvGibqOiaS8aNUxicnauicTrMjGzKpNxGK8emxaZH22OeU4sEOujftNY904T6neAvAbLXOKONlZziaQ/132, createdBy=3c605291750, createdName=hukaixun, createdTime=Fri Nov 26 14:19:02 CST 2021, time=2021-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073760, encodeId=bb6c10e376008, content=好文,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0d7c1341677, createdName=50277, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 09:13:20 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073723, encodeId=894510e372374, content=通俗易懂, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c60f5482089, createdName=ms5000000608973645, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:10:17 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1073720, encodeId=1f0510e3720ff, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cbcd5675699, createdName=moyanju2796, createdTime=Thu Nov 25 07:00:39 CST 2021, time=2021-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-25 ms5000000608973645

    通俗易懂

    0

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    2021-11-25 moyanju2796

    学习了

    0

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