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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg:城市低收入公立幼儿园中,儿童早期听力筛查计划的结果如何?

2022-03-20 AlexYang MedSci原创

评估了低收入家庭学龄前儿童听力筛查项目的结果以及这一人群的听力损失的风险因素。

通过新生儿听力筛查及早发现儿童听力损失,可以减轻永久性的语言和发育障碍,但许多儿童在随访中丢失或在产后出现听力损失。早期儿童听力筛查项目可能有助于识别这些儿童,但关于其结果的证据有限。

近日,来自美国加州大学旧金山校区等机构的研究人员评估了低收入家庭学龄前儿童听力筛查项目的结果以及这一人群的听力损失的风险因素。相关研究结果发表在JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery期刊上。

研究人员利用旧金山公共卫生局的记录,对2015年7月1日至2019年6月30日期间接受听力筛查的6820名来自城市低收入公共学前教育机构的2至6岁儿童进行了回顾性队列研究。他们使用多变量Logistic回归分析了听力损失的风险因素。数据分析从2020年1月14日到2021年4月20日进行。每年进行一次单独回访,并采用条件演奏纯音测听(CPA)和失真产物耳声发射(OAEs)进行两级筛查。

研究的主要结果包括成功筛查率、转诊筛查率、随访损失率和听力损失率。在接受筛查的6820名儿童(年龄在2-6岁)中,3425名(50.2%)是男孩,15%是白人/非西班牙裔,48%以英语为主要家庭语言。共有403名(5.9%)儿童在经过两级CPA/OAE筛查后被转到全面医疗或听力评估。只有24名儿童无法完成CPA和OAE测试,筛选完成率为99.6%。经过医学评估,403名儿童中有114名(28.3%)通过了听力重新筛查,55名(13.6%)失去了随访。传导性听力损失的发病率为2.9%(n = 195),感音神经性听力损失的发病率为0.2%(n = 13)。主要语言、种族和民族以及性别与转诊或听力损失率没有关系。

转诊筛查儿童的最终诊断和干预结果

综上所述,这项队列研究的结果表明,基于学前教育的筛查项目可以成为识别儿童早期听力损失的有用方法,儿童最终被诊断的听力状况与教师的关心程度非常有关

原始出处:

Kara D Brodie , Abel P David , Hayley Kriss et al. Outcomes of an Early Childhood Hearing Screening Program in a Low-Income Setting. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Feb 2022

 

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    2022-03-21 ysjykql
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    2022-03-20 ms5000000518166734

    学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习学习

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