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PNAS:调节性T细胞标记物研究进展

2015-06-26 佚名 生物谷

调节性T细胞(Treg)是机体控制自身免疫及过度的炎症反应的重要调节因子。FoxP3(transcription factor Forkhead box P3)作为一类转录因子特异性表达于Treg细胞中,因此是Treg细胞典型的标记物。FoxP3的缺失能够引起人与小鼠多种免疫紊乱疾病,内分泌腺病、肠下垂等的发生。此外,在肠炎、风湿性关节炎、多发性硬化、红斑狼疮等疾病的发生过程中Treg的功能也受到

调节性T细胞(Treg)是机体控制自身免疫及过度的炎症反应的重要调节因子。FoxP3(transcription factor Forkhead box P3)作为一类转录因子特异性表达于Treg细胞中,因此是Treg细胞典型的标记物。FoxP3的缺失能够引起人与小鼠多种免疫紊乱疾病,内分泌腺病、肠下垂等的发生。此外,在肠炎、风湿性关节炎、多发性硬化、红斑狼疮等疾病的发生过程中Treg的功能也受到了影响。

 
尽管FoxP3是Treg细胞非常重要的分子,然而它具体的分子机制却仍不清楚。作为转录因子,FoxP3被发现能够与多种配体结合调控下游基因的表达,比如FoxP3可以与FoxP1结合形成异源二聚体抑制IL-2的表达。此外,FoxP3也能够与其它转录因子结合发挥功能。
 
最近,来自上海生科院的Bin Li等人在《PNAs》杂志发表了最新研究,揭示了DBC1(deficient in breast cancer 1)是FoxP3的配体,FoxP3与DBC1结合能够抑制Treg的生理活性。
 
首先,为了寻找FoxP3的配体,作者将外源性的FoxP3蛋白连接一段亲和标签,随后将其过表达于Jurkat细胞系中,并利用亲和纯化得到目的蛋白(包括FoxP3以及与之相互作用的配体物质)。作者通过质谱的方式鉴定出了FoxP3的存在,并同时鉴定除了相关的蛋白质。其中包括之前已知的FoxP1以及之前未被报道的DBC1。之后,作者通过将FoxP3与DBC1共表达与HEK293T细胞系中,并利用免疫共沉淀的技术验证了两者之间存在相互作用。
 
为了研究DBC1的生理功能,作者构建了DBC1缺失突变小鼠。作者将野生型小鼠与DBC1缺失突变小鼠的Treg细胞取出进行体外刺激,并观察其FoxP3的表达情况。结果显示:在受到TNF-a或者IL-6的刺激下,DBC-/-小鼠相比于野生型小鼠FoxP3的表达量明显提高。之后,作者比较了两类Treg细胞的抑制效应。结果显示,在未刺激状态下,突变体Treg细胞相比于野生型细胞更加能够抑制T细胞的活性;另外,在受到刺激之后(TNF-a或者IL-6),突变体Treg细胞的抑制活性相比于野生型Treg更加明显。
 
之后,作者进行了小鼠模型试验。结果显示:在小鼠脑膜炎发生过程中,DBC1缺失小鼠相比于野生型小鼠其疾病指数明显较低。随后,作者分别将野生型小鼠警醒脑膜炎刺激,之后分别注入空白对照,野生型Treg细胞,DBC1缺失突变的Treg细胞。结果显示:相比于野生型Treg的处理组,DBC1缺失的Treg处理更加能够降低脑膜炎的疾病严重程度。随后,作者在小鼠肠炎模型中也得到了相似的结果。
 
那么DBC1是如何通过调节FoxP3的活性来控制Treg细胞的生理功能呢?作者发现在受到TNF-a刺激后,细胞内部FoxP3的表达量会明显下降,而这一下降是由caspase8介导的。另外,在DBC1敲低的情况下,FoxP3的应激性降解也得到了抑制。之后,作者利用小鼠Treg细胞得到了相同的结论。
 
综上。作者发现了一类新的能够与FoxP3结合的配体物质:DBC1,该蛋白与FoxP3的结合能够导致其降解并最终影响Treg细胞的正常生理功能。

原始出处:

Yayi Gaoa,b,1, Jiayou Tangc,d,1, Weiqian Chenc, Qiang Lic, Jia Niea, Fang Lina, Qingsi Wue, Zuojia Chena, Zhimei Gaoa, Huimin Fand, Andy Tsuna, Jijia Shene, Guihua Chenb, Zhongmin Liud, Zhenkun Louf, Nancy J. Olsenc, Song Guo Zhengb,c,2, and Bin Lia,2.Inflammation negatively regulates FOXP3 and regulatory T-cell function via DBC1.PNAS, June 23, 2015. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1421463112

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    2015-08-03 wjywjy
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    2015-09-30 drwjr
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    2015-06-28 zm0805

    0

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    2015-06-26 medcardio

    DBC1未来有可能成为靶点

    0

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