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JAMA:美国近十年阿片类药物使用情况分析——借鉴意义重大

2015-10-14 zhaozhou 译 MedSci原创

自从1999年以来,由于处方类阿片镇痛药的非医疗用途的使用导致的死亡率和发病率在美国呈现逐年上升的趋势。在这段时间内,由于这些镇痛药的不当使用导致的急诊室人数上升和药物过量使用导致的死亡不断的上升。 据估计,由于阿片类镇痛药的使用导致的急诊就诊人数从2004年的每十万人中有82.5上升至每十万人中有184.1人。由此可见,处方阿片类镇痛药的滥用已经成为美国医疗卫生的一大问题。 

自从1999年以来,由于处方类阿片镇痛药的非医疗用途的使用导致的死亡率和发病率在美国呈现逐年上升的趋势。在这段时间内,由于这些镇痛药的不当使用导致的急诊室人数上升和药物过量使用导致的死亡不断的上升。 据估计,由于阿片类镇痛药的使用导致的急诊就诊人数从2004年的每十万人中有82.5上升至每十万人中有184.1人。由此可见,处方阿片类镇痛药的滥用已经成为美国医疗卫生的一大问题。
 

为了全面了解当前的阿片类药物滥用的流行病学状态,研究人员分析了两个国家数据库,以研究滥用的趋势、非医用处方阿片类药物的滥用障碍、使用频率以及由于此类药物滥用导致的死亡。由于药物使用的主要人群集中在青年和中年,因此研究对象主要是18-64岁的成年人。此项研究共搜集了472200名成年人的数据,这些人均参与了2003-2013国家药物使用与卫生调查。相关的死亡率的数据主要来自于2003-2013年国家重要数据系统。在这些成年人中,处方阿片类药物的非医用的流行率从2003年的5.4%下降至2013年的4.9%。但是,处方阿片类药物的使用障碍则从2003年的0.6%上升至2013年的0.9%。药物的12个月内高频率使用比例也出现了上涨。药物滥用致死也从2003年的每十万人中4.5例死亡上升至2013年的7.8例。
 
此项研究分析了数十万人的数据,说明阿片类药物的合理使用意义重大。这不仅对于美国,对于中国来说,也有相当大的借鉴意义。

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    2017-02-16 虈亣靌

    是吗?这些研究靠谱吗

    0

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    2015-10-15 lhlxtx

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阿片类药物依赖性增加了过早死亡的风险。使用美沙酮或丁丙诺啡替代阿片类药物治疗可降低死亡风险,尤其是对与药物过量有关的死亡。临床指南推荐美沙酮作为阿片类药物替代治疗的一线药物。该研究的目的是测试丁丙诺啡治疗是否比美沙酮治疗具有较低的死亡风险,通过比较在治疗诱导时,治疗过程药物的转换和治疗后停止用药的全因死亡率进行分析。研究人员在澳大利亚新南威尔士州做了一项所有具有阿片类药物依赖性患者的回顾性队列研究

一周研究进展荟萃:让你知识满满!

通宵工作 癌细胞 β受体阻滞剂 睡眠 阿片类药物 心衰 动脉硬化

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