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Nanoscale:注射纳米碳酸钙破坏肿瘤微环境pH值,阻断生长

2016-02-09 MedSci MedSci原创

美国华盛顿大学研究人员通过将新研制的碳酸钙纳米颗粒溶剂注射到患有肿瘤的小鼠体内,将肿瘤所处环境的pH值从酸性变为碱性,有效阻止了癌细胞生长。该研究成果刊登在最新一期《纳米尺度》杂志在线版上。 据物理学家组织网报道,该研究小组首次发现,将非处方普通抗酸药片主要成分碳酸钙设计成纳米粒子,可调节实体瘤环境的pH值。癌细胞转移可导致患者死亡,而肿瘤所处环境的pH值与癌细胞转移密切相关。 碳酸钙水溶

新发现!注射纳米碳酸钙可改变肿瘤环境 阻断生长

美国华盛顿大学研究人员通过将新研制的碳酸钙纳米颗粒溶剂注射到患有肿瘤的小鼠体内,将肿瘤所处环境的pH值从酸性变为碱性,有效阻止了癌细胞生长。该研究成果刊登在最新一期《纳米尺度》杂志在线版上。

据物理学家组织网报道,该研究小组首次发现,将非处方普通抗酸药片主要成分碳酸钙设计成纳米粒子,可调节实体瘤环境的pH值。癌细胞转移可导致患者死亡,而肿瘤所处环境的pH值与癌细胞转移密切相关。

碳酸钙水溶液的pH值最高可达到9,但当将其注射到活体内时,pH值只会增加到7.4,即人体正常的pH值。这对采用碳酸钙的研究工作提出了挑战。研究人员希望找到新方法,只会提高肿瘤环境的pH值,不改变健康细胞的pH值。

研究人员指出,碳酸钙晶体比治疗癌症用的理想的纳米粒子大10到1000倍。另外,碳酸钙在水中会不断聚集变大,就像洞穴中的钟乳石和石笋。为了解决这个问题,他们研发出一种基于聚乙二醇扩散的方法,合成出20到300纳米级的碳酸钙,还利用乙醇辅助扩散法研发出100纳米级的碳酸钙。与其他实验室合作,研究人员还研发出一种可抑制碳酸钙纳米颗粒生长的白蛋白溶剂,这种溶剂能被静脉注射到活体内,改变肿瘤所处环境的pH值。

研究人员每天向患有纤维肉瘤的小鼠体内注入一定量的纳米碳酸钙,观察显示,这一手段阻止了肿瘤生长,但一旦停止注射,肿瘤又开始变大。

研究人员指出,钙和碳酸盐在活体内大量存在,碳酸钙溶解时会变成二氧化碳,并通过肺部释放,而钙通常会被骨头吸收。因此碳酸钙纳米粒子不会造成毒副作用。

研究小组下一步计划是确定能防止肿瘤转移的最佳剂量,提高对肿瘤的靶向作用,并研究这种方法是否可以与化疗药物配合使用,双管齐下治疗肿瘤。

MedSci小编在这里给大家一些新启示:

肿瘤属于无氧代谢,因此会产生大量乳酸,使得肿瘤内部呈现酸性环境,这种环境却可以促进肿瘤生长。那么“碱化”肿瘤微环境能不能诱导肿瘤细胞逆向重编程,使得恶性肿瘤细胞“正常化”?能否影响肿瘤细胞的甲基化状态,高代谢状态,无氧代谢状态??这些都是值得研究的课题了。

当然,实体瘤可不是想进入就进入的,有没有什么物质,要以透过实体瘤间的连接,渗入内部?例如,增加肝素,或基质溶解类物质,能否提高效果。与碱化药物合用,能否将碱性物质渗透至肿瘤每个角落?

进一步,肿瘤细胞表面除常见离子通道外,还有机械敏感性通道,酸敏感的离子通道,但是,有没有碱敏感的离子通道?这还真不知道,你愿意不愿意探索一番?

原始出处:

Som A, Raliya R, Tian L, Akers W, Ippolito JE, Singamaneni S, Biswas P, Achilefu S.Monodispersed calcium carbonate nanoparticles modulate local pH and inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Nanoscale. 2016 Jan 8. 

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    2016-02-10 小猫cathy

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