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脸大的基因被发现?···瓦擦,能基因敲除么!!!???已哭瞎…

2015-02-12 老猫 果壳网

你的脸大?或许是基因惹的祸!一组来自日本富美生命科学学会(Fumei Organization of Life Science, FOOLS)的基因组学科学家通过物种间基因比对,发现了控制动物面部宽度的基因。 指导这项的首席科学家冲中一郎(Okinakao Ichiro)表示因为自幼就每每因为脸大被嘲笑,因此产生了寻找脸大基因的想法。与以往的研究方法不同,冲中一



你的脸大?或许是基因惹的祸!一组来自日本富美生命科学学会(Fumei Organization of Life Science, FOOLS)的基因组学科学家通过物种间基因比对,发现了控制动物面部宽度的基因。

指导这项的首席科学家冲中一郎(Okinakao Ichiro)表示因为自幼就每每因为脸大被嘲笑,因此产生了寻找脸大基因的想法。与以往的研究方法不同,冲中一郎和他的团队并没有从筛选突变体开始动手,相反,他研究了自然界那些反常的“大脸”动物,通过基因组学与蛋白质组学的方法来寻找那些导致大脸性状的基因。

“对我们研究贡献最大的几个物种是藏狐、兔狲和鲸头鹳,” 冲中教授表示,“我们分析了它们体内的所有基因及其表达情况,筛选出来大概600个在它们体内都有表达,且与对照组表达有差异的基因。”


藏狐 Vulpes ferrilata 与赤狐 Vulpes vulpes

冲中一郎和他的团队逐一分析了这600个基因的功能,最后发现一种在脊椎动物中保守性非常高的基因可能对面部宽度造成直接的影响,这类基因在动物下颌发育过程中起到非常重要的作用。冲中教授将这个基因家族命名为MARVIN,之所以用这个《银河系漫游指南》里的机器人给该基因命名,“一方面是因为2005版电影里Marvin大脸的造型,另一方面是因为他的口头禅‘Don't talk to me about life(别和我谈人生)’。”冲中教授解释说。


兔狲 Otocolobus manul 与长尾虎猫 Leopardus wiedii

绝大部分猫科动物体内只有一个拷贝的MARVIN家族基因,但是在兔狲体内有4个拷贝。这4个基因分两组分别位于兔狲基因组上的两条染色体上,每组都是一个顺序重复(tandem 
repeat)序列,4个基因的同源性非常高。而藏狐的体内更是具有5个拷贝的MARVIN家族基因,与兔狲不同的是它们都是单独存在,而非成簇存在,而且这5个基因的同源性略低。鲸头鹳体内的MARVIN家族基因比较特殊,它们仅有1个拷贝,但是从表达谱上来看,MARVIN的表达水平非常高,可能与基因的启动子强度有关。


鲸头鹳 Balaeniceps rex 与白鹳 Ciconia ciconia

但是人类面部大小是否由MARVIN家族基因控制,可能比想象得更加复杂。根据冲中教授的初步研究结果表示,人类体内的MARVIN基因位于第13号染色体的长臂上的第7个条带上(因此冲中教授团队的成员经常将此基因缩写为G13),且只有1个拷贝,因此人类的脸不会像兔狲或者藏狐那样宽大,而是呈现出正常的大小。而且测序结果表明脸大者的MARVIN上下游并没有什么特别的基因序列,因此可以排除这个基因像鲸头鹳体内那样发挥作用。

“但是我们有爸爸的头很小,但是儿子脸特别大的极端案例,因此我们推测人类的MARVIN基因是由某种表观遗传学现象操控的,可能是基因或者组蛋白的甲基化水平最终导致了MARVIN基因表达水平的差异。当然我们还需要更多的证据来支持这一假说。”冲中一郎表示说。

目前,冲中一郎的团队正在广泛征集面部尺寸超出正常的志愿者的样品以及家族史,希望能由此揭示出控制人类脸大脸小的秘密。如果您觉得您面部尺寸合乎要求的话,可以通过邮件联系他们:okinakao@fools.org.jp

最后,冲中一郎教授断然拒绝了我们刊载他照片的请求。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1720585, encodeId=67a61e20585fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94c241e6147' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因敲除#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41761, encryptionId=94c241e6147, topicName=基因敲除)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca2a32864167, createdName=yzh410, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 22:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15716, encodeId=92be15e1615, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 13:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15369, encodeId=460f1536945, content=生不逢时,不过还好……最起码……孩子有救了。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 22:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15363, encodeId=b05115363ea, content=有救了@_@, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e4c1614170, createdName=hhcommandos, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 17:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1720585, encodeId=67a61e20585fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94c241e6147' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因敲除#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41761, encryptionId=94c241e6147, topicName=基因敲除)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca2a32864167, createdName=yzh410, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 22:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15716, encodeId=92be15e1615, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 13:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15369, encodeId=460f1536945, content=生不逢时,不过还好……最起码……孩子有救了。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 22:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15363, encodeId=b05115363ea, content=有救了@_@, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e4c1614170, createdName=hhcommandos, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 17:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1720585, encodeId=67a61e20585fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94c241e6147' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因敲除#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41761, encryptionId=94c241e6147, topicName=基因敲除)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca2a32864167, createdName=yzh410, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 22:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15716, encodeId=92be15e1615, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 13:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15369, encodeId=460f1536945, content=生不逢时,不过还好……最起码……孩子有救了。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 22:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15363, encodeId=b05115363ea, content=有救了@_@, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e4c1614170, createdName=hhcommandos, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 17:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-02-12 illustrator

    生不逢时,不过还好……最起码……孩子有救了。。。。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1720585, encodeId=67a61e20585fb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94c241e6147' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因敲除#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41761, encryptionId=94c241e6147, topicName=基因敲除)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ca2a32864167, createdName=yzh410, createdTime=Sun Jul 19 22:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15716, encodeId=92be15e1615, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=99, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c68e1614119, createdName=windmilL1989, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 13:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15369, encodeId=460f1536945, content=生不逢时,不过还好……最起码……孩子有救了。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=illustrator, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 22:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=15363, encodeId=b05115363ea, content=有救了@_@, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=145, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e4c1614170, createdName=hhcommandos, createdTime=Thu Feb 12 17:35:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-02-12 hhcommandos

    有救了@_@

    0

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