医学常用英语词汇（内外妇儿科）

如果需要更多，可以查询生物医药大词典 http://www.biodic.cn

目录

一、 内科常用字汇

心血管系统

血液及淋巴系统

呼吸系统

消化系统

内分泌系统

神经系统

肌肉骨骼系统

泌尿及男性生殖系统

特殊感觉器官

综合字汇

二、 妇产科常用字汇

三、 小儿科常用字汇



四、 精神科常用字汇

五、 各科常用缩写



六、 解剖式内外科常用字汇

七、癌症相关单字

八、医院内常见单字

九、病历表内常见单字

十、诊断用具





一、 内科常用字汇

心血管系统 The Cardiovascular System

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞

Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图

Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病

Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病

Hemangioma 血管瘤

Vasodilatation 血管扩张

Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化

Hypertension 高血压

Hypertrophy 肥大

Hypotension 低血压

Varicose veins 静脉曲张

血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic System

Adenitis 腺炎

Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病

Leukocyte 白血球

Leukocytopenia白血球减少

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮

Splenomegaly 脾肿大

Anemia贫血

Aseptic 无菌的

Septicemia败血症

Hemostasis 止血

Transfusion输血

呼吸系统 The Respiratory System

Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞

Mucosa 黏膜

Exhale呼吸

Apnea窒息

Tachypnea呼吸急促

Pneumonia肺炎

Bronchitis支气管炎

Lung Empyema 肺积脓

消化系统 The Digestive System

Short of breath 呼吸短促

Dysphasia说话困难

Aphasia 失语症

Aphonia失声

Dysphagia 吞咽困难

Gingivitis 齿龈炎

Pharyngitis 咽炎

Laryngitis 喉炎

Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查

Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄

Abdominocentesis腹部穿刺术

Gastric cancer 胃癌

Gastritis 胃炎

Gastroenteritis胃肠炎

Gastrorrhagia胃出血

Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞

Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡

Peritonitis 腹膜炎

Enterorrhagia 肠出血

Enterorrhexis 肠破裂

Appendicitis 阑尾炎

Colon cancer结肠癌

Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查

Rectal cancer 直肠癌

Anal Fistual 肛门?I管

External hemorrhoid 外痔

Internal hemorrhoid 内痔

Excretion 排泄

Hepatitis肝炎

Hepatomegaly 肝肿大

Gall Stone 胆结石

Cholelithiasis 胆石症

Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化

Ascites腹水

内分泌系统 The Endocrine System

Glycemia糖血症

Goiter 甲状腺肿

Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病

Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症

Bromidrosis汗臭症

Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤

神经系统 The Nervous System

Cerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化

Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血

Cerebral Edema 脑水肿

Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹

Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞

Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎

Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血

Encephalitis 脑炎

Electromyography 肌电图

Neuritis神经炎

Epilepsy 癜痫

Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛

Rachitis ?偻症

Rachioscoliiosis脊柱侧弯

Spondylitis 脊椎炎

Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹

Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪

Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识

Eye opening睁眼反应

Verbal response 语言反应

Motor response 运动反应

Corneal reflex 角膜反射

Plantar reflex 膝反射

Sciatica坐骨神经痛

Chorea 舞蹈症

Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩

Migraine 偏头痛

Parkinson's Disease 巴金森式症

Brain Swelling 脑肿胀

brain Concussion 脑震荡

brain Anoxia脑缺氧症

brain Death 脑死

肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal System

Anterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带

Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎

Arthrosclerosis关节硬化

Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎

Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折

Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折

Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏

Matastatic Lesion转移性损害

Osteoporosis骨质疏松症

Amputation 截肢

Bone graft 骨移植

Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻

Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术

Range of Motion 运动范围

Varus 内翻

Chondromalacia软骨软化症

泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive System

Cystitis 膀胱炎

Circumcision包皮环割术

Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查

Hydronephrosis肾水肿

Renal Stone 肾结石

Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭

Cryptorchidism 隐睾症

Spermatogenesis精子生成

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大

Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄

Dysuria 排尿困难

Hematuria血尿

Uremia尿毒症

Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染

Vasoligation 输精管结扎

Impotence 阳萎

特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special Senses

Audiometer 听力计

Otitis耳炎

Otorrhea耳漏

Tympanitis中耳炎

Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术

Nasitis鼻炎

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma鼻咽癌

Rhinorrhea 鼻溢

Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物

Intraocular pressure 眼内压

Oculus Uterque 双眼

Oculus Sinister 左眼

Oculus Dexter 右眼

Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌

Ophthalmologist 眼科医师

Diplopia 复视

Myopia 近视

Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂

Corneitis 角膜炎

Pupil Size Anisocoria瞳孔大小不等

Retinopexy 视网膜固定术

Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落

Visual field 视野

Vocal nodular 声带结节

Dermatologist 皮肤科医师

Dermatitis皮肤炎

Cataract白内障

Glaucoma青光眼

综合性字汇

Contraceptive避孕的

Contraindication 禁忌症

Biology 生物学

Hyperemesis 剧吐

Polydipsia剧渴

Homosexual 同性的

Heterosexual 异性的

Inject 注射

Lipoma 脂肪瘤

Lipoid 脂肪样的

Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症

Malformaiton 畸形

Malaise 不适

Necrosis坏死

Nocturia 夜尿症

Ployuria 多尿

Narcotics 麻醉药

Hyperplasia 增殖

Dysplasia 发育不良

Dyspepsia 消化不良

Prognosis 预後

Antipyretic 解热剂

Hydrophobia 恐水症

Photophobia 畏光

Antibiotic 抗生素

Syndrome 症候群

Hydrotherapy 水疗法

Perforation 穿孔

Percussion叩诊

Visceralgia脏器痛

二、妇产科常用字汇

Genital 生殖的

Gynecology 妇科

Menstruation 月经

Menopause 更年期

Menorrhagia经血过多

Amenorrhea 无月经

Dysmenorrhea经痛

Menarche初经

Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌

Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂

Cervicitis子宫颈炎

Perineum会阴

Endometriosis子宫内膜异位

Ovary 卵巢

Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿

Ovulation排卵

Vaginitis阴道炎

Colposcopy 阴道镜检法

Galactocele乳腺囊肿

Mammography 乳房X光摄影术

Infertility 不孕症

InVitro Fertilization 体外受精

Amnion 羊膜

Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术

Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞

Hydramnion 羊水过多

Anterpartal 产前的

Antepartum 分娩前

Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样

Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称

Artificial Insemination 人工受精

Engagement 进入产位

Estrogen动情基素

Colostrum 初乳

Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕

Corpus Luteum 黄体

Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩

Venereal Disease 性病

Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎

Laparoscope 腹腔镜

Embryo 胚胎

Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕

Primipara 初产妇

Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位

Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中

Multipara 经产妇

Parity 经产

Placenta Previa前置胎盘

Postpartum 产後

Postpartum hemorrhage产後出血

Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症

Adolescence青春期

Basal Body Temperature 基础体温

Cesarean Section 剖腹产

Expected Date of Confinement 预产期

Fallopian Tube 输卵管

Forceps 产钳

Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块

Labor Pain阵痛

Painless Labor 无痛分娩

Molding胎头变形

Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产

Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查

Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水

Progesterone黄体素

Stillbrith死产

Suture 缝合

Stump残物

Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血

三、小儿科常用字汇

Apnea呼吸暂停

Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血

Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形

Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘

Bronchitis支气管炎

Cephalopematoma头血肿

Erythema红斑

Hypospadia尿道下裂

Dehydration 脱水

Hydrocephalus水脑

Hydrocele 阴囊积水

Polydactylia多指畸形

Pyoderma脓皮症

Sepsis 败血症

Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎

Encephalitis脑炎

Gastroenteritis肠胃炎

Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎

Malignant恶性的

Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形

Neonatal Asphyxia新生儿窒息

Cleft Palate 颚裂

Diarrhea腹泻

Dental Caries 龋齿

Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹

Hives Urticaria蕈麻疹

Torticollis斜颈

Vaccine疫苗

Incubator 保温箱

Cleft lip 兔唇

Chicken pox 水痘

Club foot 畸足

Diphtheria白喉

Dengue fever 登革热

Eczema湿疹

Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒

German Measles/ Rubella德国麻疹

Giant baby巨婴

Gonorrhea 淋病

Hepatitis B B型肝炎

Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病

Jaundice 黄疸

Mongolian spots 蒙古斑

Mumps 腮腺炎

Respiratory arrest呼吸停止

Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹

Vomiting呕吐

四、精神科常用字汇

Mental retardation 智能不足

autism自闭症

dement 痴呆症

alzheimer's dementia阿尔?海默式形痴呆症

alcoholism 酒瘾

substances Intoxication 物质中毒

alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒

amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒

schizophrenia精神分裂病

delusional Disorder 妄想性病患

Major Depressive Disorder重郁症疾患

phobia畏惧症

obsessive-Compulsive Disorder强迫性病患

pedophilia恋童癖

exhibitionism 暴露狂

Transvestic Fetishism扮异性恋物癖

Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患

Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症

Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症

临床症状

blunted affect 感情迟钝

silly Laughter 傻笑

apathy冷漠

irritable 易怒的

euphoria欣快感

depression 忧郁

ambivalence感情矛盾

Flat Affect感情平淡

suicide attempt 自杀企图

queer behavior 怪异行为

bizarre behavior 特异行为

hypertalkative 多话

hypotalkative 少话

mutistic不语

hyperactivity 活动过多

hypoactivity 活动过少

compulsive behavior 强迫行为

verbigeration 重复语言

catelepsy 僵直

negativism阻抗行动

Mannerism作态行为

destrctive behavior 破坏行为

autistic thinking 自闭性思考

poverty of speech 言语贫乏

flight of ideas 意念飞跃

loosening of association 思考连结松散

illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考

pressure speech 言语急迫

thought blocking 思考中断

incoherent 语无伦次

thought Withdrawal 思想退缩

irrelevant 答非所问

delusion 妄想

delusion of persecution 被害妄想

delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想

Phobia 恐惧症

acrophobia 惧高症

algophobia 惧痛症

sexual drive 性欲

illusion 错觉

hallucination 幻觉

auditory hallucination 听幻觉

disoreinatation 失去定向力

amnesia记忆丧失症

confabulation 虚谈症

orientation 定向力

judgement 判断力

derealization 失真感

insight病识感

no insight 无病识感

intellectual insight 理性的病识感

true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感

心理学名词

free association 自由联想

dream analysis 梦的解析

ego 自我

id 原我

super ego 超我

ego boundary 自我界限

libido 原欲

scapegoat 代罪羔羊

internal conflict 内在冲突

conscious 意识

unconscious 潜意识

preconscious前意识

transference 情感转移

depersonalization 人格解体

derealization 脱离现实

neurosis神经精神病

Psychosis神经病

Pleasure Principle 享乐原则

Reality Principle 现实原则

Moral Principle 道德原则

Predisposing Factors 潜在因素

Precipitating Factors 诱发因素

Defense Mechanism 防卫机转

compensation 补偿作用

conversion 转化作用

denial 否认作用

displacement 转移作用

dissociation 解离作用

fantasy 幻想作用

identification 认同作用

introjection 内射作用

projection 外射作用

retionalization 合理化作用

reaction formation 反向作用

degression 退化作用

repression 潜抑作用

suppression 压抑作用

restitution 归还作用

sublimation 升华作用

substitution 取代作用

symbolism 象徵作用

undoing 抵销作用

distortion 曲解作用

isolation 隔离作用

Cognitive behavioral Therapy认知行为治疗

Empathy 同理心

Resistance阻抗

testing out behavior 试探行为

self-awareness自我了解

separation anxiety 分离焦虑

reinforcement 增强原则

catharsis 情绪宣泄

confrontation 面质

listen 倾听

restraint 约束

physical restraint 身体的约束

chemical 药物的约束

五、各科常用缩写

A

AAD against-advice discharge 自动出院

A abdomen 腹部

ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动

A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例

AK above knee 膝上

B.

BE below elbow 肘下

BH body height 身高

b.i.d twice a day 一日两次

Bil bilateral两侧的

BK below knee 膝下

BM bowel movement 肠蠕动

BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率

BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy良性摄护腺肥大

BTI biliary tract infection胆道感染

BUS blood, urine, stool 血液,小便,大便

BW body weight 体重

C.

Ca. Carcinoma 癌

CBC complete blood count 全血球计数

CBD common bile duct 总胆管

CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血

Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部

CO cardiac output 心输出量

CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术

CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎

C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法

CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞

CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查

CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外

CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压

D.

DC discontinue 停止

D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术

DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病

DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风

DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤

E.

ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图

EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图

ENT ear, nose, throat 耳鼻喉

F.

FH family history 家族史

FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音

FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧

Fr fracture 骨折

G.

GB gall bladder 胆囊

GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道

GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规

gtt. Drops 滴

GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的

GYN gynecology 妇科学

H

Hb hemoglobin 血色素

HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血

h.s. at bedtime 睡前

HT Hypertension 高血压

Ht. (Hct.) Hematocrit 血球容积

Hx History 病例

I

ICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿

ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房

ICT Intracerebral tumor脑内肿瘤

I & D Incision and drainage 切开及流

IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压

Imp. Impression 臆断

IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的

I & O Intake and output 输入及排出

IV Intravenous 静脉内的

IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅

J

Jej. Jejunum 空肠

Jt. Joint 关节

K

Kn. Knee 膝

KUB Kidney, ureter, baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱

L.

LFT liver function test肝功能试验

LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限

LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经

M

MBD may be discharged 可出院

MN midnight 午夜

N

NKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏

NP nothing particular 并无特别的

NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌

NPO nothing by mouth 禁食

O.

OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎

OB occult blood 潜血

OBS obstetrics 产科

OP operation 手术

OPD outpatient department 门诊

Ortho. Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的

OS ocular sinistro 左眼

OT occupational therapy 职能治疗

OU Both eyes 双眼

P

p.c. after meals 饭後

PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验

PE Physical examination 身体检查

PI Present illness 目前病况

p.o. by mouth 由口

PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡

PT Physical therapy 物理治疗

PTA Prior to admission 入院前

PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养

Q

Q every 每一

q.d. every day 每日

q.h every hour 每小时

q.i.d. four times a day 每日四次

q.m. every morning 每日早晨

q.n. every night 每日晚间

R

RA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎

RBC red blood cell 红血球

RN registered nurse 护理师

R/O rule out 可能是

RR recovery room 恢复室

R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗

RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限

Rx take取拿

Medication 处方

Treatment 治疗

S

Sc. Subcutaneous 皮下的

SOB short of breath 呼吸短促

SP.g.r. specific gravity 比重

S/P status/ post operation 手术後

s-s half 一半

St(stat) immediately 立刻

Staph. Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌

T

t.i.d. Three times a day 每日三次

TPR Temperature, pulse, respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸

TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺

U

URI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染

W

WBC White blood cell 白血球

White blood count 白血球计数

Y

Y/O year old 年龄

Z zero 零

六、解剖式内外科常用字汇

The cardiovascular system 心血管系统

lungs 肺脏

venis

vessels血管

capillaries微血管

cardi 心脏

arteries

blood clot凝血

The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统

Blood 血液

Red blood cell 红血球

White blood cell白血球

Platelet血小板

The Respiratory System 呼吸系统

Bronchial tube主支气管

Alveoii气泡

Pharynx咽

Larynx喉

Trachea气管

Lung肺

Bronchioles小支气管

Pleura胸膜

Chest 胸

Air 气

The Digestive System 消化系统

Lips唇

teeth 牙齿

tongue舌

bile duct 胆管

gallbladder 胆囊

duodenum十二指肠

jejunum空肠

ileum 回肠

appendix 阑尾

small intestine小肠

large intestine大肠

rectum 直肠

anus 肛门

pancreas胰

stomach 胃

esophagus食道

pharynx咽

The Endocrine System

Glands 腺体

Adrenals肾上腺

Pancreas胰

Pituitary 脑下腺

Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺

Breasts 乳房

Ovaries 卵巢

Testes睾丸

The Nervous System

Brain 脑

Spinal cord 脊髓

Vertebra脊椎

Cranium颅腔

Meninges脑膜

Nerves神经

The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统

Skull 头骨

Clavicle锁骨

Sternum 胸骨

Ribs 助骨

Joints 关节

Ligaments 韧带

Tendons 肌腱

Cartilage 软骨

The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统

Cortex皮质

Urinary膀胱

Urethra尿道

Ureters输尿管

Kidney 肾脏

Renal pelvis 肾孟

Vas deferens精管

Urinary bladder 膀胱

prostate gland前列腺

scrotum 阴囊

testis 睾丸

penis阴茎

urethra尿道

The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官

Acoustic nerve听神经

Ear 耳朵

Hearing 听觉的

tube 耳咽管

Eardrum 耳骨膜

Eustachian 欧式管

Nasal cavities鼻腔

Nose 鼻

Eyelid眼睑

Lens晶球体

Carnea角膜

Tear duct泪管

Conjunctiva结膜

Choroid layer 脉络膜

Retina视网膜

Sclera巩膜

Optic nerve视神经

Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇

Fallopian tube输卵管

Ovary 卵巢

Uterus子宫

Vagina阴道

Vulva女阴(外生殖器官)

脑部系统

cerebrum 大脑

corpus callosum 胼胝体

thalamus 视丘

cerebellum 小脑

diencephalon 间脑

cerebral peduncles大脑脚

infundibulum漏斗

hypophysis 脑下垂体

midbrain 中脑

pons 桥脑

medulla 延脑

brain stem 脑干

眼球构造

pupil 瞳孔

suspensory ligaments 悬韧带

ciliary process捷状突

retinal veins网膜静脉

retinal arteries网膜动脉

optic nerve视神经

anterior chamber前眼房

posterior chamber 後眼房

iris虹膜

vitreous body 玻璃状体

internal rectus muscle 内直肌

lacrimal puncta泪孔

lacrimal canaliculi泪小管

lacrimal gland 泪腺

excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管

eyebrow眉毛

耳朵构造

cochlea 耳蜗

eustachian tube 耳咽管

helix 耳壳

tympanic membrance 鼓膜

external auditory canal 外耳道

semicircular canals半规管

malleus锤骨

vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经

口腔

gingiva 齿龈

molars 大臼齿

premolars 小臼齿

canines犬齿

incisors 门齿

vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭

upper lip 上唇

upper lip frenulum 上唇系带

alveolar provess齿槽突

hard palate硬颚

palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺

sublingual caruncle 舌下阜

七、癌症相关单字

1. gastric cancer胃癌

2. pancreatic cancer胰脏癌

3. colon cancer结肠癌

4. rectal cancer直肠癌

5. prostate cancer摄护腺癌

6. nasotharyngdal carcinona鼻咽癌

7. cervical cancer子宫颈癌

8. lung cancer肺癌

9. esophageal cancer食道癌

10. bladder cancer膀胱癌

11. laryngl caner喉癌

12. ovarian cancer软巢癌

13. liver cancer肝癌

14. skin cancer皮肤癌

15. breast cancer乳癌

16. leukemia血癌

17. bone cancer骨癌

18. brain tumor脑癌

19. heart disease 心脏病

20. lymphoma 淋巴瘤

八、医院内常见单字

Hospital 医院

Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校

(nursing home) Private convalescence

hospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院

(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方

Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科

Resident in medicine 内科住院医师

Chief of Medicine 内科主任 (Medical man)

Internist = intern = intern 实习生 (Internist = 内科医师)

House officer 医院医师的称呼

Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生)

Extern 医院实习生

Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生

Student nurse 护理学生

Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士

Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证

Supervisor督导护士

Head nurse护士长

Scrub nurse 手术助理护士

Practicing physician = physician in practice = practitioner 开业医生

Ambulance = ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)

Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人

Ambulantory patient住院患者可走动 (May ambulate, ambulatory, up ad lib,

may walk)

Malingerer 装病的人 (malinger 装病)

Paretic 麻痹患者

Malpractice 诊疗错误

Emergency room 急诊室

Ward 病房

station护理站

por恢复室

Patient患者,病人

Narcotic 麻醉药

Nurse护士

Doctor 医生

Internist内科医生

Surgeon外科医生

Dentist 牙科医生

Gynecologist 妇科医生

Orthopedist 骨科医生

Oculist 眼科医生

Pediatrician 小儿科医生

Psychiatrist 精神病医生

Intern实习医生

Examination table 诊疗台

Clinical thermometer 体温计

Stethoscope 听诊器

Reflector 反光镜

X-ray checkup X 光检查

X-ray photograph X光像片

Operation 手术

Scalpel 手术刀

Syringe 针筒

Hypodermic needle 注射针

Injection 注射

Ice bag 冰袋

Fixation forceps 固定镊

Medicine, drug药品

Bandage 绷带

Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉

Gauze 纱布

Mask 口罩

Wheel chair 轮椅

Crutches ?收?br />
Ambulance 救护车

Stretcher 担架

Chart 病历表

Prescription处方

Blood pressure 血压

Blood type 血型

Artificial respiration 人工呼吸

Pill 药丸

Capsule胶囊

Ointment 软膏

Iodine tincture 碘酒

Sedative 镇静剂

Intensive care unit 加护病房

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏术

Intravenous drip 点滴

Chemotherapy化学治疗

Computerized Topography电脑断层

magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振

Bureau of National Health Insurance中央健保局

Fracture骨折

Gypsum 石膏

九、病历表内常见单字

Front sheet, Summary sheet 首页,摘要表

History sheet 病历表

Physical examination sheet 身体检查表

Physician's order sheet 医嘱单

Physician's progress note 医生用病情进展记录

Laboratory reports 检验报告

Radiographic reports X光检查报告

Nursing notes 护理记录

Graphic chart 图式病历

Discharge summary sheet 出院摘要

Operation report 手术报告

Anesthesia record 麻醉记录

Consultation sheet 会诊单

Intake and output sheet 摄取与排泄记录

Consent (or permission) for operation 手术同意书

Emergency room record 急诊室记录

住院病历表

身家调查事项 ( identifying data or biographic data)

admission date 住院日期

hospital number = chart number 病历号码

room number 病房号码

name

sex

age

birth date

birth place

marital status = civil status 婚姻状况

address

occupation

empolyer 雇主公司行号

health insurance number 医疗保险号码

referring physician 转介医生

各系统的表现状况--全身状态

违和感

malaise (= a vague feeling of bodily discomfort, indefinite bodily weakness or discomfort)

feel unwell (ill, poorly)

疲劳感.倦怠感

lassitude

fatigue

tiredness

weariness

languor

lack of energy (vigor)

listlessness

exhaustion

worn-out

虚脱 无力状态

weakness

feebleness

lack (loss) of strength

debility

powerlessness

prostration(= extreme weakness or exhaustion)

asthenia

睡眠状态

sleep

slumber (=light sleep)

a nap (=a short sleep)

a doze (= a light or fitful sleep)

入睡 fall asleep ; go to sleep

小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse

欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; lethargic

睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence

摧睡 become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent)

睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep

失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep

失眠症的人 insomniac

熟睡 sound (profound) sleep

睡醒awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken

作梦 dream

恶梦 nightmare

梦游症 sleepwalking ; somnambulism

梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker

体重方面(weight ; body weight)

体重为 weigh~ ; be ~ in weight

最高 maximum

最低 minimum

平均 average

最适 optimum

现在 present

体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight

体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight

瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny

瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation)

肥胖 fat ; stout ; fatty

体温状况(body temperature

量体温 take one's temperature

发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature

发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial

无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial

发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit

寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking chills ; shivering with chills

退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit

发汗 sweating ; perspiration

弛张热 remittent fever

间歇热 intermittent fever

连续热 continuous fever

危险期 by crisis

转轻期 by lysis

疼痛方面

偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ;

後头部痛 occipital pain

侧头部痛 temporal pain

前头部痛 frontal pain

头痛 have(suffer) a headache ; one's head aches ; feel a pain in the head

耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia

咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia

眼痛 have painful eyes ; one's eyes hurt(smart)

齿痛 toothache

胸痛 chest pain

心前部痛 precordial pain

心绞痛 anginal pain

胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain

胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain

腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomach) ache

上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium

上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain

下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain

左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain

侧腹部痛 flank pain

背痛 backache

腰痛 low backache ; lumbago

关节痛 joint pain

肌肉痛 muscular pain

神经痛 neuralgia

绞痛 colic ; colicky pain

胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic

肾石痛 renal colic

痛 cramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic

博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain

转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation

牵连痛 referred pain

电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain

带状痛 girdle pain

神经根性痛 root pain

空腹痛 hunger pain

夜间痛 nocturnal pain

自发痛 spontaneous pain

压痛 tenderness

固定痛fixed (steady) pain

灼热痛 burning pain

刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; stinging ; darting; stabbing

分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking

撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ;

钝痛 dull ; obtuse ;

剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe

不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping

擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore

针刺痛 pricking ; pricking

呼吸器管和循环器管系统

呼吸 breath ; respiration

呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea

呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose one's breath

深呼吸 breathe deeply

叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath

喘息 pant

端坐呼吸 orthopnea

劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on exertion( physical activity)

夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea

呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing

喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing

打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze

打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus

咳嗽 cough

阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal

清喉 clear the throat

乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough

有痰咳 productive cough ; cough with sputum

喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate

喀血 hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration

粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum

浓喀痰 frothy sputum

泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum

脓性喀痰 purulent sputum

血性喀痰 bloody sputum

混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum

绿色喀痰 greenish sputum

锈色喀痰 rusty sputum

感冒 common cold

流形性感冒 influenze ; flu ; grippe

上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)

胸膜炎 pleruisy

气喘 asthma

心悸 palpitation

悸动 palpitate ; throb

脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)

速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia

徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia

高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension

心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failure ; cardiac standstill

狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris)

心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)

动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis

血液循环不佳have a poor circulation of blood

间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication

消化器官系统

食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appetite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia

食欲增进 increase (improvement) of appetite

无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite

食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite

丧失食欲 lose one's apptite

空腹 an empty stomach

咀嚼 chewing ; mastication

吞咽 swallow gulp

吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia

嗳气 打噎 belching ; eructation

打酸噎 sour eructation

心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash

逆流 regugitation

恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling

感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting

呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew

呕吐物 vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter

咖啡渣 coffee-grounds

消化 digestion

消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia

腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness

腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling

黄疸 jaundice ; icterus

腹水 ascites

通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move one's bowels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;

下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ;

便秘 constipation

水状watery stool (feces)

血状 bloody stool

柏油状 tarry stool

泥状 mushy stool

软状 loose stool

硬状 hard stool

呈固状 formed stool

呈半固状 semiformed stool

大便失禁 fecal incontinence

放屁pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus

泌尿与生殖器官系统

排尿 urination ; micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate

尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate

尿急 urinary urgency

频尿 urinary frequency

夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia

多尿 polyuria

少尿 oliguria

无尿 anuria

排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria

闭尿 urinary retention

尿失禁 urinary incontinence

夜间多尿 nocutria

夜尿症 bed-wetting ; enuresis

混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine

血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria

性欲 sexual desire ; libido

性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition

杨萎 impotence

勃起 erection

射精 ejaculation

早泄 premature ejaculation

遗精 pollution

梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream

包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)

割礼 circumcision

性病 veneral disease (V.D.)

月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods

初潮 menarche ; onset of menses

停经 menopause

更年期 climacteric ; changeof life

痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation

无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods

月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleeding; excessive flow

白带 vaginal discharge

阴道出血 vaginal bleeding

少量时 yaginal spoting

子宫出血 metrorrhagia ; uterine bleeding

妊娠 pregnancy ; conception

怀孕 conceive ; be pregnant

不妊 sterility ; barrenness ; infertility ; inability to conceive

流产 abortion ; miscarriage ;

人工流产induced abortion

避孕contraception; birth control

避孕药 contraceptive

阵痛 labor

生产 分娩 childbirth ; delivery ; give birth to ; be delivered

坐月子 childbed ; confinement; pueriperium ; puerperal period

孕吐 morning sickness ; nausea and vomiting of pregancy

骨关节与肌肉系统

脱臼 joint ; dislocation ; be dislocated be out of joint ; be put out of joint

扭伤 sprain

挫伤 sprain (twist ; wrench )

关节炎 arthritis

风湿症 theumatism

痛风 gout (gaut)

关节痛 arthralgia ; joint pain

变形 deformity

骨折 fracture

石膏 cast ; plaster of Paris

义腿(肢) artificial limb

肌肉痛 muscle pain ; myalgia ; sore muscle

扭筋 strain ; sprain

肩坚硬 stiffness in a shoulder ; a stiff shoulder ; a cramp in the calf ; leg cramp

抽筋 have a cramp ; be cramped

肌肉压痛 tenderness of muscle ; muscular tenderness

精神与神经系统

意识混浊 clouding of consciousness

丧失意识 loss of consciousness ; unconsciousness

恢复意识 recover consciousness

昏厥 fainting ; syncope

昏睡 soma

昏迷 stupor

嗜睡somnolence ;sleepiness; drowiness ; lethargy

错乱 confusion ; distracted ; distraught

胆妄的 delirious

幻觉 hallucination

痉挛 convulsion ; cramp ; spasm

癫痫 epilepsy

半身不遂 be paralyzed on one side ; become hemiplegic

肌无力 muscular weakness

步行困难 difficulty in walking

说话不清 speak thickly

蹒跚 stagger ; reel ; falter ; walk zigzag ; walk with an unsteady gait; reel along

肌肉萎缩 atrophy of muscle

左手性 left-handedness

右手性 right-handedness

运动失调 ataxia

无感觉 loss of sensation ; numbness ; anesthesia

失去感觉 become numb ; loss sensibility

知觉过敏 hypersthesia

知觉迟钝 hypesthesia

知觉异常 paresthesia

神经质 nervousness ; sensitive ; touchy

神经衰弱 nervous breaksown

意志消沉 depressed ; in low spirits

情绪佳 in good mood ; cheerful ; euphoric

情绪不稳定 unstable ; labile capricious

易受刺激 excitable ; easily excited ; irritable

不安的 anxious ; apprehensive ; uneasy

内向的人 introvert

外向的人 extrovert

健忘 be forgetful ; have a poor memory

漠不关心 indifferent ; nonchalant ; unconcerned

自卑感 inferiority complex

歇斯底里病 hysteria

眼耳鼻咽喉

视力丧失 lose one's sight 9eyesight) ; become blind

失明 loss of vision ; blindness

视力减退 impairment of visual acuity ; impaired vision ; fogglness (dimness) of vision ; poor (defective) vision ; blurring

近视 near-sightedness ; myopia myopy

远视 far-sightedness ; hypermetrope ; hyperope

折射异常 refractive error

乱视 astigmatism

斜视 strabismus ; squint

复视 diplopia ; double vision

夜盲 night-blindness ; nyctalopia

盲点 scotoma ; blind spot

眼睛疲劳 eyestrain

流泪过多 overflow of tears

异物感foreign body sensation ; a feeling of something ; grittiness ; sandiness

怕光 photophoia ; abnormal intolerance of light ; inability to stand light

结膜炎 conjunctivitis

砂眼 trachoma

听力减退 impaired hearing ; decreased hearing ; loss of hearing

重听 be hard of hearing

耳聋 deaf

耳鸣 ringing of ears ; tinnitus

耳痛 earache ; otalgia

耳垢 cerumen ; erawax ;

中耳炎 otitis media ; inflammation of the middle ear

流鼻水 snivel ; run at the nose ; have a running nose ;

鼻伤风 sniffles ; snuffles ; head cold ; coryza

擤鼻涕 blow the nose ;

鼻声 a nasal voice

鼻塞 nasal obstruction ; nasal stuffiness ; nasal blockage ; nasal congestion

鼻出血 nosebleed ; bleeding from the nose ; nasal hemorrhage ; epistaxis

鼻炎 rhinitis

扁桃 tonsil

扁桃炎 tonsillitis

齿痛 toothache

蛀齿 decayed tooth ; dental caries ; tooth caries ; tooth cavity

义齿 an artificial tooth

装假牙 wear false teeth (a denture)

无齿 toothless ; edentulous

掉齿 lose a tooth ; come out

拔齿 pull out ; extract a tooth

齿龈 gums ; gingiva

皮肤

发疹 eruption ; rash ; exanthema ; exanthem

湿疹 eczema

荨麻疹 urticaria ; hives

胎记 birth mark(红斑)

青斑 bruise

黑斑 mole

水泡 welt ; wheal ;wale

头皮屑 dandruff ; scurf

痂 scab ; curst ; slough

丘疹 pimple ; acne

香港脚 athlete's foot ; ringworm of the feet

痱子 prickly heat ; heat rash

龟裂 chaps ; cracks

糜烂 sore ; erosion ; festering

疣 warts

冻疮 chilblain ; festering

尿布疹 diaper rash

黄癣 favus ; scaldhead

脓泡 impetigo

雀斑 freckles

晒斑 sunburn

骚养 itching ; pruritus

骚养伤 scratch

生脓 fester ; form pus ; suppurate

渗出 exude ;ooze ; weep

股擦伤 have a thigh sore (chafing in the groin)

脱毛 loss of hair ; falling-out of hair

多毛症 hirsutism

无毛 hairless ; bald ;

秃头 baldness ; bald- headedness

秃头症 alopecia

十、诊断用具

stethoscope 听诊器

sphygmomanometer (blood pressure cuff) 血压计

thermometer 体温计

ophthalmoscope 捡眼镜

otoscope 耳镜

laryngeal mirror 喉镜

flashlight 手电统

tongue depressor (tongue blade) 压舌板

hammer (percussion hammer ; reflex hammer) 叩诊锤

tuning fork 音叉

tape measure 卷尺

scale (ruler) 尺

loupe (magnifying glass ; hand lens) 放大镜

rubber gloves 橡胶手套

finger cot 指套

vaginal speculum 阴道镜