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我国糖尿病与抑郁症"狼狈为奸"率高达10.8%

2016-09-20 佚名 生物谷

最近几天,男明星乔任梁因为严重的抑郁症而自杀身亡的消息,成为讨论热点。其实,相对于健康人,糖尿病患者更容易有抑郁状况。 流行病学数据表明,至少有三分之一的糖尿病患者会出现相关抑郁障碍,而抑郁症患者发生糖尿病的风险会增加37%。近日,第52届欧洲糖尿病研究协会(EASD)年会上公布的一项全球研究数据显示,中国2型糖尿病患者抑郁症发生率为10.8%。 共病导致临床结局变差 同时患有糖尿病和抑

最近几天,男明星乔任梁因为严重的抑郁症而自杀身亡的消息,成为讨论热点。其实,相对于健康人,糖尿病患者更容易有抑郁状况。

流行病学数据表明,至少有三分之一的糖尿病患者会出现相关抑郁障碍,而抑郁症患者发生糖尿病的风险会增加37%。近日,第52届欧洲糖尿病研究协会(EASD)年会上公布的一项全球研究数据显示,中国2型糖尿病患者抑郁症发生率为10.8%。

共病导致临床结局变差

同时患有糖尿病和抑郁症这两种疾病的患者出现疾病相关并发症的可能性,比只患其中一种疾病的患者高出2倍。因为另一种疾病的存在,导致两种疾病的预后都变得更差,包括疾病的严重程度,治疗抵抗率和死亡率增加,个体和社会的治疗花费明显上升,生活质量和糖尿病自我管理能力下降,并发症发生率提高,以及预期寿命减少。

抑郁症诊断率偏低

虽可使用筛查工具有效识别出抑郁患者,但糖尿病患者中抑郁症的诊断率仍偏低,相当多的抑郁症仍未得到诊治。

在1型或2型成人糖尿病患者中,有1/4的患者会出现明显的抑郁症状,但仅10%~15%的患者能得到正式诊断。目前国内在临床诊断方面,最常用ICD-10诊断标准。ICD-10要求抑郁发作诊断必须具备至少2项核心症状及2项以上附加症状。

核心症状包括:

(1)情绪低落;

(2)乐趣缺乏;

(3)精力不足。

附加症状包括:

(1)集中注意和主动注意的能力降低;

(2)自我评价和自信降低;

(3)自罪观念和无价值感;

(4)认为前途暗淡;

(5)自伤或自杀的观念或行为;

(6)睡眠障碍;

(7)食欲下降。

核心症状和附加症状的符合条目越多,抑郁程度就越重。

此外,还应符合以下条件:

(1)症状持续至少2周;

(2)并非继发于酒精或药物滥用、药物治疗、内科疾病或居丧反应;

(3)能引起明显日常活动或社会职业功能损害。

当医生面对血糖控制不佳、治疗依从性差、常有疼痛和其他躯体不适主诉及医患关系不良的糖尿病患者时,即应高度怀疑抑郁症的可能。

糖尿病是最需要心理和行为管理的慢性疾病,因为抑郁症和糖尿病的共病现象具有普遍性,美国糖尿病学会(ADA)推荐在糖尿病患者中常规进行抑郁症筛查(尤其是那些依从性差的患者),符合抑郁症的患者应长期监测糖尿病症状和危险因素的进展情况,包括血糖、饮食、运动、吸烟和药物依从性。

三大治疗策略

糖尿病患者抑郁症治疗有三大策略,即糖尿病的自我管理教育、心理治疗和药物治疗。恰当的治疗手段既可改善抑郁症状,又能有助于控制血糖。

和糖尿病的自我管理一样,近期针对抑郁症的自我管理模式——基于评估的治疗,也证明比常规治疗更加可行和有效。心理治疗联合糖尿病教育的方法,对抑郁症状和血糖控制均有中到高度的改善效果。之前研究表明,共病抑郁症和糖尿病的患者接受抗抑郁治疗是有效的。(生物谷 Bioon.com)

资料参考:

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/868814

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    2016-09-24 187清风

    内容不错

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=134101, encodeId=171013410101, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sat Sep 24 08:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=134103, encodeId=113013410324, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cb571956164, createdName=187清风, createdTime=Sat Sep 24 08:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132440, encodeId=2afd132440b2, content=能不能探讨一下共病机制,共同通路,否则还是新瓶装旧酒,老生常谈,能怎样呢?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 18:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131974, encodeId=c7ab1319e491, content=以前忽略了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170206/IMG589879E392F941842.jpg, createdBy=f4d469996, createdName=wangyunyb, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 07:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131841, encodeId=0f531318412e, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131842, encodeId=67a113184259, content=继续关注!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160811/IMG57AC91915ACA64463.jpg, createdBy=9c351934462, createdName=知难而进, createdTime=Tue Sep 20 22:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-24 187清风

    继续关注

    0

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    2016-09-21 lyh994

    能不能探讨一下共病机制,共同通路,否则还是新瓶装旧酒,老生常谈,能怎样呢?

    0

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    2016-09-21 wangyunyb

    以前忽略了

    0

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    2016-09-20 知难而进

    谢谢分享!

    0

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    2016-09-20 知难而进

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