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NEJM:应该对转移性前列腺癌患者进行基因检测?

2016-07-07 Mechront 译 MedSci原创

根据The New England Journal of Medicine发表的数据,转移性前列腺癌男性相比局限性疾病的患者,更可能在DNA修复基因上有生殖细胞突变。 弗莱德哈钦森癌症研究中心的Peter Nelson博士和他的同事对92名男性转移性前列腺癌患者进行了研究。分离患者的生殖细胞DNA,采用测序分析方法来评估与癌症易感性相关的20个DNA修复基因的突变。 研究人员发现,82

根据The New England Journal of Medicine发表的数据,转移性前列腺癌男性相比局限性疾病的患者,更可能在DNA修复基因上有生殖细胞突变。

弗莱德哈钦森癌症研究中心的Peter Nelson博士和他的同事对92名男性转移性前列腺癌患者进行了研究。分离患者的生殖细胞DNA,采用测序分析方法来评估与癌症易感性相关的20个DNA修复基因的突变。

研究人员发现,82人(11.8%)共有84个种系突变被认为是有害的。这些突变发生在16个基因上,包括BRCA2 (5.3%; n = 37)、ATM (1.6%; n = 11), CHEK2 (1.9%; n = 10)、BRCA1 (0.9%; n = 6), RAD51D (0.4%; n = 3)和PALB2 (0.4%; n = 3)。有2名男性患者出现了2个基因的突变。

数据分析显示,种系突变与更高的Gleason评分有关(OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1-3.5)。诊断前列腺癌时的年龄(<60岁 vs.≥60岁)不会影响突变的可能性。

研究者获取了推定突变中的88%男性的家族史数据,以及没有这些突变的88%男性的家族史数据,两组中,均有22%的男性(16/72、117/537)其一级亲属患前列腺癌。

数据显示,DNA修复基因突变男性相比没有突变的参与者,其一级亲属更容易拥有除外前列腺癌以外的其他癌症。

随后研究人员对499名局限性前列腺癌患者的生殖细胞全基因组测序结果进行了比较研究,其中23名男性(4.6%)有DNA修复基因的种系突变相关数据。该数据明显小于当前研究观察中的男性生殖系基因突变数目。

接着研究人员对53105名没有已知癌症的人群进行了研究,作为与之前研究发现的比较。人口队列中,2.7%的参与者有胚系突变。比较发现,转移性前列腺癌男性队列中更容易出现种系突变(OR = 5.2; 95% CI, 3.9-6.3)。

“这些发现可能改变临床实践,因为现在我们的研究表明,应该对晚期前列腺癌男性患者提供这些DNA修复基因的测试,”纪念斯隆凯特林癌症中心的Kenneth Offit博士说。“第二个重要的发现是,在这些家庭中我们看到了成群的癌症,前列腺癌、乳腺癌卵巢癌胰腺癌,这是超过预期的,在以后也会进行更多的相关研究。”

原始出处:

Pritchard CC, et al.Inherited DNA-Repair Gene Mutations in Men with Metastatic Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2016;doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1603144.

Researchers: Genetic testing should be standard for metastatic prostate cancer
.Healio.July 6, 2016

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    2016-09-12 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章不错

    0

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    2016-07-14 jetleo

    是否意味pd1治疗可能有效

    0

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    2016-07-07 jaysppr

    学习了,感谢分享!

    0

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