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喉罩拔除后负压性肺水肿一例

2017-12-29 佚名 临床麻醉学杂志

患者,男,35岁,身高170cm,体重65kg,ASAⅠ级。

【一般资料】

患者,男,35岁,身高170cm,体重65kg,ASAⅠ级。

【主诉】

因肛周感染拟行肛周感染切开引流挂线术。

【既往史】

既往体健

【体格检查】

自诉入院前3d间断发热,体温最高达38.2℃。

【辅助检查】

术前ECG、凝血功能无异常,血常规示:中性粒细胞比例及计数偏高。入手术室前体温38.5℃。

【治疗】

入手术室后,建立外周静脉通路,常规监测,HR78次/分,BP120/80mmHg,RR16次/分,SpO297%,静脉快速诱导置入喉罩后静吸复合维持麻醉。患者取截石位,气道压力20cmH2O,PETCO236mmHg,术中维持HR60~70次/分,BP120~110/70~60mmHg,SpO2100%。手术时间30min,输入晶体液200ml。入麻醉恢复室5min后患者四肢肌力正常,唤之能睁眼,拔除喉罩即刻有呛咳。10min后,患者意识清醒,自觉喉部发痒并不断咳出粉红色泡沫样痰。15min后大汗、呼吸稍急促但可平卧,BP升至160/100mmHg,面罩吸氧SpO2降至80%左右,HR130次/分,肺部听诊可闻及湿啰音,初步判断肺水肿,静脉推注地塞米松10mg、呋塞米20mg,20min后SpO2维持在87%,HR120次/分,经会诊诊断为急性左心衰,即刻取半坐位高流量面罩给予酒精湿化氧、泵注硝酸甘油0.3μg·kg-1·min-1、缓慢静推西地兰0.4mg、呋塞米20mg。急查血气分析:PaO256.6mmHg,PaCO244.8mmHg,总血红蛋白(ctHb)17.6g/dl,SaO288.8%。35min后尿量增加至400ml,SpO2升至95%,HR90~100次/分,BP140~130/90~80mmHg。45min后行血气分析:PaO276.1mmHg,PaCO242.0mmHg,ctHb16.8g/dl,SaO294.6%。床旁彩超示:各房室大小及心功能未见明显异常。50min后患者双肺呼吸音清,喉部发痒症状消失,无痰咳出,BP128/85mmHg,HR70次/分,RR16次/分,SpO298%,遂送回监护病房。患者术后恢复顺利,10d后出院。

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    2017-12-31 小华子

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