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Biomaterials:可携带抗癌药物进入机体的智能生物凝胶有望推出!

2015-11-20 QQduhq 译 MedSci原创

蒙特利尔大学医院研究中心研究人员开展的一项新的研究指出,科学家正在研发一种可携带抗癌药物进入机体的智能生物凝胶以直接进入肿瘤内部发挥作用。实验室试验表明,这种生物凝胶对肿瘤细胞的消灭作用效果卓著。如果应用于临床患者可实现相同的效果,则这种生物凝胶可治愈癌症患者,改善肿瘤患者的预后。这项研究发表在Biomaterials。

蒙特利尔大学医院研究中心研究人员开展的一项新的研究指出,科学家正在研发一种可携带抗癌药物进入机体的智能生物凝胶以直接进入肿瘤内部发挥作用。实验室试验表明,这种生物凝胶对肿瘤细胞的消灭作用效果卓著。如果应用于临床患者可实现相同的效果,则这种生物凝胶可治愈癌症患者,改善肿瘤患者的预后。这项研究发表在Biomaterials


研究人员认为,这种生物凝胶对抗癌的免疫细胞兼容且不会被排斥,并将免疫细胞或抗癌药物直接注入肿瘤细胞内,而不是到血液中,因此,抗癌效果更好。 

副教授Réjean Lapointe认为,这一疗法有助于改进当今免疫疗法,并提高机体免疫力和消灭肿瘤的能力。 

免疫疗法是一种相对较新颖的治疗方法。其中一种为肿瘤过继免疫疗法。肿瘤过继免疫疗法是将自身或异体的抗肿瘤效应细胞的前体细胞,在体外采用IL-2、抗CD3单抗、特异性多肽等激活剂进行诱导、激活和扩增,然后转输给肿瘤患者,提高患者抗肿瘤免疫力,以达到治疗和预防复发的目的。通过提高T细胞的数目,以杀灭癌细胞,但不可完全消灭肿瘤。

因此,在过继免疫疗法中,医务人员可提取出病人的T细胞,在实验室进行培养,并回输至病人体内。然而,尽管该治疗方案很有前景,但是它并不产生足够多的T细胞杀死癌细胞。同时,患者必须服用大剂量素白介素2,这对机体有一定的毒副作用。 

Lapointe教授认为,注射新型生物凝胶的优点是只需要机体产生几千万个T细胞,而过继免疫疗法需要数十亿个T细胞;另一个优势是,该生物凝胶可产生一些化合物以帮助免疫系统消灭癌细胞。 

研究人员指出,这种生物凝胶是无毒的,对免疫细胞的生长和繁殖而言,是一个理想的环境。通过对一些肿瘤模型(包括黑色素瘤和肾癌)进行测试,研究人员发现,这种生物凝胶的效果十分突出。

Lapointe教授说道:“凝胶中的T淋巴细胞功能可持续2-3周,并杀死癌细胞。” 他和他的同事正在致力于以壳聚糖为材料制作生物凝胶。这种材料室温下为液体,因此容易注入T细胞或抗癌药物;一旦进入人体,这种凝胶便具有粘附力和稳定性。但研究人员指出,他们要先在动物身上进行测试,若可行则继续进行人体试验。希望在未来几年内可以用于治疗肿瘤患者,给他们带来生的希望。

原始出处:

'Smart biogel' that kills cancer tumors in development,MNT,20,Nov,2015

Anne Monette et al.Chitosan thermogels for local expansion and delivery of tumor-specific T lymphocytes towards enhanced cancer immunotherapies.Biomaterials

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    2016-02-25 sunylz
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    2015-11-22 sunylz
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    2015-11-22 lishizhe

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