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Molecular psychiatry:iPS细胞技术助探求自闭症个性化治疗

2014-11-30 刘隆 新华网

自闭症有很多类型,科学家近年来一直在探求自闭症的个性化治疗。巴西和美国的科研人员最近利用iPS细胞技术,在自闭症个性化治疗上取得新进展。 iPS细胞的全称是诱导性多能干细胞,科学家通过将某些转录因子导入动物或人的细胞将其“逆转”到早期胚胎发育状态,让细胞重新获得分化成其他细胞的能力。 巴西圣保罗大学和美国加州大学圣迭戈分校的研究人员在最新一期《分子精神病学》杂志上报告说,他们从一名8岁自闭症患

自闭症有很多类型,科学家近年来一直在探求自闭症的个性化治疗。巴西和美国的科研人员最近利用iPS细胞技术,在自闭症个性化治疗上取得新进展。

iPS细胞的全称是诱导性多能干细胞,科学家通过将某些转录因子导入动物或人的细胞将其“逆转”到早期胚胎发育状态,让细胞重新获得分化成其他细胞的能力。

巴西圣保罗大学和美国加州大学圣迭戈分校的研究人员在最新一期《分子精神病学》杂志上报告说,他们从一名8岁自闭症患者脱落的乳牙中分离出牙髓细胞,将其培养成iPS细胞,让iPS细胞在实验室中分化成神经元细胞。

显微镜观察发现,与正常儿童的神经元细胞相比,这些神经元细胞的突触(神经信号进出的唯一通道)较少。研究人员随后发现,这个孩子体内一种名为TRPC6的基因异常,这个基因编码的蛋白质负责调控钙离子进出细胞。他们还通过动物实验证明,这个基因异常会导致实验鼠神经发育、形态和功能的异常。

研究人员在实验室内用植物贯叶连翘中的成分“贯叶金丝桃素”对男孩的神经元细胞进行了治疗,贯叶金丝桃素有促进TRPC6基因的作用。令人惊喜的是,这些神经元细胞的外观和电活动都有显著改善。

基于实验室研究,自闭症男孩服用了一个月的“贯叶金丝桃素”,其专注力有了很大改善。在服药前,如果让这名男孩“坐下来,画画”,他根本没有任何反应;一个月以后,男孩可以坐下来看着研究人员并把玩画纸。

研究人员认为,这说明iPS细胞技术为探求自闭症的个性化治疗提供了新思路。从短期来看,可以考虑利用这种技术确定自闭症患儿的具体类型。

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    2014-12-02 chengjn
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    2014-12-02 wmr115
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    2014-12-02 xiongke014

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