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科学家首次发现多发性硬化症致病基因突变

2016-06-03 佚名 生物360

加拿大科学家1日报告说,一个可遗传的基因突变能引发多发性硬化症。这是首次发现多发性硬化症的致病基因突变,并第一次证实,一些多发性硬化症是遗传所致。多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统退行性疾病,可引起运动能力、平衡能力和视力下降,严重可导致瘫痪,其临床分型有4种,分别是复发缓解型、继发进展型、原发进展型和进展复发型。80%的患者为复发缓解型多发性硬化症,其中三分之二会转为继发进展型;原发进展型占10%至

加拿大科学家1日报告说,一个可遗传的基因突变能引发多发性硬化症。这是首次发现多发性硬化症的致病基因突变,并第一次证实,一些多发性硬化症是遗传所致。



多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统退行性疾病,可引起运动能力、平衡能力和视力下降,严重可导致瘫痪,其临床分型有4种,分别是复发缓解型、继发进展型、原发进展型和进展复发型。80%的患者为复发缓解型多发性硬化症,其中三分之二会转为继发进展型;原发进展型占10%至15%。


先前研究认为,多发性硬化症的发病与自身免疫、病毒感染、环境等多种因素有关,而遗传因素可增加个体患病的风险,但此前未曾发现直接致病的基因突变。


加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学研究人员在新一期美国《神经元》杂志上报告说,对加拿大2053名多发性硬化症患者的研究中,他们发现同一家族的5名患者都携带了NR1H3基因突变,另外一个家族中的两名患者也携带此基因突变。


研究负责人之一宋伟宏告诉新华社记者说:“我们首次发现了一个导致多发性硬化症发病的基因突变,证明了一部分多发性硬化症是家族遗传性的,因此对以后有家族史的患者应该进一步检测他们是否有基因突变。”


据介绍,新发现的NR1H3基因突变会引起肝X受体α蛋白中的一个氨基酸改变,造成这一蛋白功能缺失和异常,进而导致原发进展型多发性硬化症的发生。研究人员估计,每1000名多发性硬化症患者中有1人携带此基因突变。


宋伟宏表示,这个发现也有助于建立多发性硬化症的转基因动物模型,并为多发性硬化症新药开发提供一个全新平台。但他也指出,两个有多发性硬化症病史的家族中,有个别基因突变携带者在检测时没有发病,表明还有其他因素能够作用于多发性硬化症的发病。


多名多发性硬化症研究领域的专家对这一研究给予高度评价。美国加利福尼亚大学欧文分校的迈克尔·季米特里里乌教授在一份声明中说:“现在没有任何药物可以治疗进展型多发性硬化症,所以这一发现可能非常重要。”


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    2016-10-13 ylzr123

    赞了,认真探究、学习。

    0

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    2017-04-22 jml2009
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    2016-06-05 沉心多思

    不错的文章,多学习

    0

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    2016-06-05 沉心多思

    不错的文章,多学习

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