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eLife:心肌细胞为何不能再生?

2015-08-07 佚名 生物谷

人类和其他所有哺乳动物在出生后不久,大部分心肌细胞复制能力就消失。这个过程是如何发生以及是否能够恢复这种能力甚至再生心肌细胞,这些问题的解答都仍然未知。最近发表在eLife上的一篇研究中,德国的一群科学家们找到了这些问题的一个可能的解释。中心体几乎存在于每一个细胞中。近年来许多实验证实,如果中心体不完整,细胞就不能再复制。这个发现后,问题又提升到如果中心体的完整性被操纵的话,在什么程度就可以控制细

人类和其他所有哺乳动物在出生后不久,大部分心肌细胞复制能力就消失。这个过程是如何发生以及是否能够恢复这种能力甚至再生心肌细胞,这些问题的解答都仍然未知。最近发表在eLife上的一篇研究中,德国的一群科学家们找到了这些问题的一个可能的解释。

中心体几乎存在于每一个细胞中。近年来许多实验证实,如果中心体不完整,细胞就不能再复制。这个发现后,问题又提升到如果中心体的完整性被操纵的话,在什么程度就可以控制细胞的复制速度?(这针对研究肿瘤细胞这种不受控制复制或有相当重要的意义)而FAU(Friedrich-Alexander-Universit?t Erlangen-Nürnberg)的这群研究者研究了中心体完整性是否在动物界被自然调节,以便控制某些细胞的再生。他们的研究发现,心肌细胞中的中心体在出生后不久就被分解。这分解过程包括各种中心体蛋白质离开中心体并重新定位于细胞核膜上。出生后的心肌细胞无法纤毛再生(ciliogenesis),细胞核膜变成细胞微管组织中心。中心体分解成两个中心粒,失去完整性。他们观察到心肌细胞中心体分解能促进G0 / G1期的细胞期停滞,表明中心体分解是哺乳动物心肌细胞达到有丝分裂后状态所必须的过程,细胞在这后失去了复制的能力。

研究人员还发现成年斑马鱼和蝾螈的心肌细胞仍然能够复制,其中心体保持完整性。这是第一次确认哺乳动物的心肌细胞和那些斑马鱼、栖动物的显著差异,也呈现人心肌细胞不能再生的一个可能解释。

这个研究表明哺乳动物的心肌细胞调节中心体完整性有一个自然过程,也开辟了一系列今后研究的新可能。首先,这一观察为将来试图刺激心脏肌细胞的复制增殖,创造再生的心脏的研究提供了一个起点。与此同时,利用检查中心体完整性来寻找仍然保持复制能力的成年心肌细胞,或可利用于临床医疗。最后,这个发现还将帮助研究人员开发抑制生长不受控制的癌细胞的方法。

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    2015-09-07 膀胱癌
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1972937, encodeId=6f0919e2937e1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72d566e3a6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eLife#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6673, encryptionId=72d566e3a6, topicName=eLife)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/1103841572/C2EFD5CFB07FE291138AD4FD0C98E3DE/100, createdBy=e3d52500031, createdName=膀胱癌, createdTime=Mon Sep 07 04:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2068435, encodeId=0aab2068435f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=59371088215' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Life#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10882, encryptionId=59371088215, topicName=Life)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fc8528, createdName=clmlylxy, createdTime=Fri Oct 02 07:37:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35416, encodeId=2a0e35416c5, content=挺有意思的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59781606904, createdName=children5656, createdTime=Tue Aug 11 07:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35417, encodeId=8b6c3541e8f, content=挺有意思的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=124, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=59781606904, createdName=children5656, createdTime=Tue Aug 11 07:29:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35355, encodeId=7e0535355bc, content=学习了...., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://login.medsci.cn/upload/avatar/4eede92d92b34bf1fd1b2b40bb23c44e/a96a8ea28b9d587cb6d7478315a44858.jpg, createdBy=26c71636411, createdName=jjjjjjboy1009, createdTime=Mon Aug 10 11:54:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35297, encodeId=894b3529e5f, content=期待干细胞的进展, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=183, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ed101627734, createdName=Messichen1992, createdTime=Sat Aug 08 19:10:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-10-02 clmlylxy
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    2015-08-11 children5656

    挺有意思的

    0

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    2015-08-11 children5656

    挺有意思的

    0

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    2015-08-10 jjjjjjboy1009

    学习了....

    0

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    2015-08-08 Messichen1992

    期待干细胞的进展

    0

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