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苏大教授参与研发Nusinersen,成FDA首批治疗SMA的药物

2016-12-29 生物探索 生物探索

导读 12月24日,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了脊髓性肌萎缩症( SMA)反义核苷酸治疗药物Nusinersen(商品名Spinraza)上市,这是首个获批用于治疗SMA的药物。在药物研发过程中,苏州大学神经科学研究所华益民教授付出了无数的汗水与努力,做出巨大的贡献。

导读 12月24日,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了脊髓性肌萎缩症( SMA)反义核苷酸治疗药物Nusinersen(商品名Spinraza)上市,这是首个获批用于治疗SMA的药物。在药物研发过程中,苏州大学神经科学研究所华益民教授付出了无数的汗水与努力,做出巨大的贡献。

FDA批准首个治疗SMA药物上市

12月24日,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准了Biogen和Ionis制药联合开发的脊髓性肌萎缩症(spinal muscular atrophy, SMA)反义核苷酸治疗药物Nusinersen(商品名Spinraza)上市。

据悉,这是首个获得FDA批准用于治疗SMA的药物。FDA在批准该药物上市的过程中启动了快速通道(fast track designation)和优先审核(priority review)资格;此外,为鼓励开发针对罕见疾病的药物,FDA也授予了其“孤儿药” 称号。

SMA,一种常染色体隐性遗传病

SMA是婴儿中常见的致死性运动神经元退化疾病,由运动神经元存活蛋白(SMN)表达量不足引起, 是一种常染色体隐性遗传病。在普通人群中,每个人携带致病基因的概率是1/50,如果两个致病基因的携带者结婚,他们的后代有1/4的可能患上SMA。依此概率计算,SMA在新生儿中的发病率是万分之一。中国每年有1500万左右的新生儿诞生,这就意味着,SMA可能会给1500个家庭带来苦难。

在SMA患儿体内,由于SMN-1基因功能缺失,导致对运动神经元存活至关重要的SMN蛋白异常。然而,SMA患者的病情差异较大,严重的活不过两岁,但是还有一些不太严重的患者,发病较晚,甚至可以存活到成年。后来科学家发现,SMA患者病情的严重程度,取决于一个叫SMN-2基因,这个基因产生的蛋白在功能上跟SMN类似,但是效果还是不如SMN,而且在体内很快就会被分解。因此,在患儿体内SMN-2基因的拷贝数越多,患者的病情越轻,但是不能完全避免发病。

SMA主要病例特征是脊髓前脚α运动神经元变性导致躯体和四肢肌肉逐步萎缩,最终引发呼吸衰竭。

苏大教授华益民教授华益民教授

笔者从苏州大学医学部官网得知:在药物研发过程中,苏州大学神经科学研究所华益民教授付出了无数的汗水与努力,做出巨大的贡献。华益民教授与冷泉港实验室Krainer教授及Ionis制药公司合于2004年开始合作研发治疗SMA的反义寡聚核苷酸药物。

2007至2011年在国际著名期刊《Nature》、《Genes & Development》、《American Journal of Human Genetics》、《PLoS Biology》上以第一作者发表了一系列里程碑式的研究成果。

2015年华益民教授与冷泉港实验室合作、通过分析Nusinersen不同治疗途径的药效又进一步在SMA机制研究中取得了重要突破,成果以苏州大学为第一单位发表在《Genes & Development》。

Nusinersen原名ASO10-27、ISIS-SMNRx, 2011年开始在世界各地启动临床试验。

2016年,历经12年,Nusinersen以商品名Spinraza获FDA批准上市;而华益民教授是药物相关专利中的3个共同发明人之一。

笔者在此祝贺首款治疗SMA的新药能够顺利问世,也感谢在这款新药研发过程中挥洒了青春与汗水的科研人员们。是你们的努力,让SMA患者看到了新的希望!

2016,基因治疗正式临床应用的元年


SMA病人由于SMN1基因发生功能失活性突变不能表达正常SMN蛋白,同源的SMN2基因也只能表达少量全长SMN蛋白。Spinraza以SMN2为靶点纠正有缺陷的SMN2基因的RNA剪接以增加关键蛋白SMN的产量,从而达到治疗SMA的目的。鉴于该基因疗法的潜力,美国FDA曾向它颁布了孤儿药资格、快速通道认证与优先审评资格。

今年9月,SareptaTherapeutics的Eteplirsen被FDA批准,成为首个治疗杜氏肌营养不良(DMD)的基因治疗药物;如今首个治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症( SMA)的基因治疗药物也被FDA批准。

一年之中,遗传性神经肌肉病中的两大疾病,DMD和SMA都先后拥有了FDA批准的第一个基因治疗药物,我们为DMD患者和SMA患者感到高兴,更应该看到的是,对于所有罕见病患者,2016年都意义非凡。

2016年作为“基因治疗正式临床应用的元年”,必将永远被人们所铭记。

关于华益民教授

华益民教授1987年毕业于南京师范大学、1990年获该校硕士学位,1991-1995年任安徽师范大学讲师,1998年获中山大学博士学位,先后在复旦大学、美国塔夫茨大学和麻省大学医学院从事博士后研究,2004年加入纽约冷泉港实验室、2008年提升为研究员,2013年回国任苏州大学特聘教授并兼任冷泉港实验室客座研究员。

主要从事RNA生物学、运动神经元退变等领域的研究,是国际上剪接类反义核酸药物研发的开拓者之一,特别是在脊髓性肌萎缩症(spinal muscular atrophy, SMA)病理机制和药物研发方面取得了多项重大突破性成果,在国际著名期刊《Nature》、《Science》、《Nature Chemical Biology》、《Genes & Development》、《American Journal of Human Genetics》、《PLoS Biology》等发表20余篇开创性论文;论文被国际英文SCI期刊引用近2000次。

华教授与冷泉港Krainer教授和Ionis制药公司Bennett博士合作研发的反义寡核苷酸药物nusinersen(旧称ASO10-27,ISIS-SMNRx)2011年在世界各地启动临床试验,至2016年8月已顺利完成I型病人的3期临床试验,并在2016年年末获得FDA批准成为世界上首个治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症的药物,nusinersen也是第一个剪接类核酸药物。

主要研究方向:1.RNA药物研发(癌、心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病等);2.运动神经元变性的分子病理机制;3.RNA可变剪接、非编码RNAs在组织发育及疾病发生中的作用。

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    2017-10-24 hxj0117
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    2017-02-25 仁者大医
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    2016-12-31 lqvr
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785995, encodeId=61881e8599563, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd56e325ae' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA首批#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7325, encryptionId=fd56e325ae, topicName=FDA首批)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ac59108, createdName=hxj0117, createdTime=Tue Oct 24 18:47:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968062, encodeId=4764196806242, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=09481315139' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nusinersen#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13151, encryptionId=09481315139, topicName=Nusinersen)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f98e185, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Sat Jul 29 15:47:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878194, encodeId=67f118e819446, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Sat Feb 25 01:47:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299972, encodeId=d7d112999e2b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed5ee332423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73324, encryptionId=ed5ee332423, topicName=研发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aea0290, createdName=lqvr, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 00:47:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1388833, encodeId=1e0e138883361, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a75a1642585' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SMA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16425, encryptionId=a75a1642585, topicName=SMA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK17mLkWpia3T92NlEWTkEhrhZa7XPNic2JqQumEicZXGYFG6Ww5SCIl0Uq62bhhPnibAqIZDHtRva92A/132, createdBy=e0752500025, createdName=江川靖瑶, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 00:47:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-31 江川靖瑶
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