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JNNP:血浆神经丝轻链水平与多发性硬化患者治疗性再髓鞘化后神经轴突发育的关系

2022-07-22 网络 网络

多发性硬化症(MS)是年轻人非创伤性残疾的主要原因。虽然脱髓鞘在急性炎症事件中比例最高,但再髓鞘化不良是多发性硬化症(pwMS)患者功能损害和残疾累积的主要原因之一。最近的研究结果支持了再髓鞘化不良与

多发性硬化症(MS)是年轻人非创伤性残疾的主要原因。虽然脱髓鞘在急性炎症事件中比例最高,但再髓鞘化不良是多发性硬化症(pwMS)患者功能损害和残疾累积的主要原因之一。最近的研究结果支持了再髓鞘化不良与慢性神经退行性变之间的联系。最近的证据表明治疗再髓鞘化的潜力。在脱髓鞘和低髓鞘的动物模型中,许多药物和至少一种基于细胞的方法已被证明可诱导再髓鞘化。pwMS中成功的再髓鞘化与神经保护的可能联系从未被研究过。

超灵敏免疫分析技术,如单分子阵列(Simoa)技术,允许可靠测量血液中的轴突和胶质衍生蛋白。与对照组相比,pwMS中神经轴突损伤的标记物,如神经丝轻链(NfL)升高,并与各种临床和影像学疾病活动和进展指标相关。因此,本研究假设再髓鞘化相关的神经保护与血液NfL水平的降低有关。为此,测量了NfL、泛素c末端水解酶L1(UCH-L1)和星形胶质细胞激活标记物胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的血液浓度。本文发表在《神经病学,神经外科学和精神病学杂志》上()。

本研究是一项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照的组内比较试验,包括50名在旧金山加利福尼亚大学(美国加利福尼亚州旧金山)接受治疗的复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者。筛选前30天内有糖皮质激素使用史的参与者、90天内的任何临床或放射活动,或过去180天内疾病改善治疗(DMT)的变化被排除在外。参与者被随机分为两组;第一组(G1)在前90天每天服用富马酸氯马斯汀(Epoch 1[E1]),然后服用安慰剂60天(Epoch 2[E2])。在第2组(G2),患者最初用安慰剂治疗90天,然后用活性物质治疗60天。每次访视(包括筛查访视)均进行VEP。

参与者在每次研究时(基线检查、第1个月、第3个月、第5个月)另外同意纵向血液样本采集。处理后的血浆储存在−80°C。生物标记物浓度由实验室技术人员在HD-X分析仪进行测量,该技术人员不知道所包括受试者的临床数据和分组。选择了一种多路复用试剂盒来测量NfL水平。所有样品都是重复测量的,只有变异系数(%CV)小于20%的样品才包括在分析中。年龄和体重指数(BMI)调整的NfL百分位数和Z分数是基于一个大型参考数据库计算的,该数据库包含来自对照组的4532份血清样本。使用Samseg在FLAIR和T1加权3D图像上评估白质病变的量。

在使用氯马斯汀治疗期间,神经丝轻链(NfL)水平较低

在用氯马斯汀积极治疗期间收集的样本中,NfL浓度降低了9.6%与安慰剂治疗期间采集的样本进行比较(n=73,7.00) pg/mL)。应用年龄和体重指数标准化NfL Z分数和百分位数得出类似结果。NfL浓度越高,P100潜伏期越延迟。此外,就诊之间P100潜伏期的改善与NfL值降低的趋势相关。 在ReBUILD试验中,治疗组之间NfL水平差异的效应大小。对未来评估再髓鞘诱导神经保护的试验。与ReBUILD试验的病例交叉设计相反,使用与氯马斯汀效果相当的再髓鞘化剂的1:1平行臂安慰剂对照研究需要每组202名受试者才能达到80%的功效。与氯马斯汀相比,具有更显著再髓鞘化作用或治疗时间更长的药物可能需要更小的样本量。通过交叉/延迟治疗试验中的组内比较,而不是组间统计比较。然而,由于样本数量较少,可能无法准确估计NfL与P100变化之间的相关性强度,也无法评估假设氯马斯汀携带效应的NfL动力学幅度。

样本中测量的生物标记物水平

发现慢性脱髓鞘(即慢性VEP延迟)与神经轴突损伤(此处为NfL水平)之间存在显著相关性。这种联系补充了最近积累的证据,即永久性脱髓鞘是神经退行性变的重要驱动因素。事实上,对pwMS脑组织的大量研究表明,通过线粒体功能障碍、氧化损伤增强、能量衰竭和钙稳态改变,慢性脱髓鞘轴突的病理加快。在非人灵长类动物模型和PWM中的研究表明,慢性VEP延迟与纵向视网膜神经元丢失之间存在关联。

总之,所有这些发现证实了监测、预防和治疗髓鞘损伤对pwMS神经轴突健康的相关性。

Abdelhak ACordano CBoscardin WJ, et al Plasma neurofilament light chain levels suggest neuroaxonal stability following therapeutic remyelination in people with multiple sclerosis

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    2022-10-17 jml2009
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    2022-07-23 neurowu

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该研究发现,多发性硬化症患者骨髓内的 T 细胞克隆数量和多样性明显增加。 

JNNP:澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州大霍巴特多发性硬化症的发病率和患病率增加

多发性硬化(MS)是一种复杂的神经疾病。环境和生活方式因素与多发性硬化症的发病有关,这些因素在多发性硬化症遗传风险增加的患者中尤为重要。澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州的大霍巴特地区是主要的多发性硬化症流行病学研

INVEST RADIO:一种使用MRI预测多发性硬化症疾病进展的深度学习方法

人工智能,特别是深度学习方法已经迅速成为流行的数学模型。

FDA批准用于多发性硬化的外骨骼机器人

6月13日,Ekso Bionics公司宣布其外骨骼机器人设备EksoNR获得美国FDA批准,可用于有行走困难的多发性硬化(MS)患者的康复。这是FDA批准的首个用于MS患者康复的外骨骼机器人。

JNNP:既往疾病改良治疗对AHSCT治疗MS患者安全性和疗效的影响

体造血干细胞移植(AHSCT)是侵袭性复发缓解型多发性硬化(RRMS)患者的一种治疗选择。治疗的基本原理是给予免疫消融治疗,导致自身反应细胞的耗尽,然后输注冷冻保存的自体造血干细胞以支持免疫重建。&n

Cell:天津医大学者证实骨髓免疫可能是多发性硬化症的关键

通过再平衡骨髓造血系统,回归免疫系统稳态,减轻神经系统炎症损伤。

拓展阅读

European Journal of Medical Research:多发性硬化症治疗中疾病缓解药物对脑出血的影响

这篇文章强调了理解DMDs与ICH之间复杂关系的重要性,并指出了未来研究的方向,以期改善MS患者的临床管理。

NNN:那他珠单抗在儿童多发性硬化症患者的疗效研究

临床观察到的良好结果,特别是在 PIRA 中,以及放射学参数强烈支持 NTZ 作为 POMS 的首选 HET。

Neurology:奥法妥木单抗和特立氟胺在种族/少数民族复发性多发性硬化症 患者中的疗效

在ASCLEPIOS试验中,与特立氟胺相比,奥法妥木单抗在种族/民族亚组中与NEDA-3成就的比例更高。

Brain:发病时的血清生物标志物,用于多发性硬化症的个性化治疗

该研究评估多发性硬化症发病时的 sNfL 和 sGFAP 水平可以识别与残疾获得和治疗反应的多种免疫途径相关的不同表型。

Nature Medicine:多发性硬化症的自身抗体信号预测

研究不仅增进了对MS发病机理的理解,还可能推动未来针对这些自身抗体的早期诊断工具的开发,以及对MS患者进行更为精准的疾病管理和治疗策略的制定。

广州医科大学附属第二医院胡胜锋团队《自然·通讯》:揭示蛋白质翻译后修饰调控Treg细胞分化新机制

该研究揭示了E3泛素连接酶RNF213介导转录因子FOXO1泛素化修饰对Treg细胞分化的调控具有重要作用。为寻找新的药物靶点治疗MS等自身免疫疾病提供了新的思路。

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