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Neurology-颞叶癫痫,进行手术或能减缓大脑老化

2021-07-21 Freemann MedSci原创

颞叶癫痫,进行手术或能减缓大脑老化

中颞叶癫痫(mTLE)是最常见的局灶性癫痫形式之一,与一些与大脑过早老化有关的病理改变有关。对于三分之一的颞叶癫痫患者来说,抗癫痫药物治疗是无效的,这就导致了手术项目的转诊,旨在定位和切除致痫区。27-67%接受手术的病人完全没有癫痫发作。尽管有与切除的脑组织的残留功能有关的认知退化的风险,但手术可以导致神经心理学的改善,特别是当癫痫发作得到控制和药物负荷减少时。影像学文献提供了术后大脑网络可塑性的证据,以支持大脑功能的恢复。然而,目前仍然没有可靠的生物标志物来评估手术对整个大脑健康的影响。

从结构性核磁共振成像扫描中估计年龄的机器学习模型颇具前景。大脑预测年龄的增加(相对于实际年龄而言)表明加速衰老或对病理脑损伤的累积暴露/敏感性更高,这与大脑的复原力相反。脑年龄差距估计法( The Brain-Age-Gap-Estimation,BrainAGE)已被用于研究神经退行性疾病和精神疾病以及基因互动、环境和生活负担的影响。在癫痫中,观察到难治性局灶性癫痫患者和TLE及发作间期精神病患者的BrainAGE增加。

英国利物浦大学的Christophe E de Bézenac等人,探究了神经外科手术对BrainAGE的影响,作为衡量整体大脑健康的标准,并手术前后的48名mTLE患者与37名对照组进行了比较。主要假设:患者的BrainAGE会更高,但成功的手术会与整体的下降有关。

他们在颞叶手术前后对48名间歇性TLE患者进行了3D T1加权MRI扫描,用高斯过程回归(gaussian processes regression model)模型估计脑年龄。并检查了手术前后控制脑体积变化的BrainAGE,将患者与37个年龄和性别相匹配的对照组进行比较。

他们发现,术前,与对照组相比,患者的BrainAGE增加了7年以上。然而,无论手术是否导致完全摆脱癫痫发作,手术都与平均脑AGE减少5年有关。

此外,他们还观察到了侧向效应,因为左侧的MTLE患者在手术后的脑AGE值与对照组的值更为接近。

这个研究表明:虽然在间歇性TLE中观察到与加速老化有关的大脑形态学改变,但在一些患者中,手术可能与逆转这种改变有关。这项工作强调了切除性手术对难治性局灶性癫痫患者的整体大脑健康的优势。


原文出处:
de Bézenac CE, Adan G, Weber B, Keller SS. Association of Epilepsy Surgery With Changes in Imaging Defined Brain Age. Neurology. 2021 Jul 14:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012289. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012289. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34261787.

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    2022-02-05 yinhl1978
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    2021-07-21 智慧药

    学习 感谢

    0

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    2021-07-21 智慧药

    感谢

    0

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