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Cell Res:心外膜祖细胞在心脏损伤时分化成脂肪细胞

2014-10-02 MedSci MedSci原创

9月26日,国际学术期刊Cell Research 在线发表了营养所周斌组的最新研究进展:“Epicardium-to-fat transition in injured heart”。该研究发现,在发育过程中心外膜祖细胞可以转变成心脏周围的脂肪细胞,这一过程在成体稳态心脏中并不发生,却在心梗的模型中被再度激活。  心外膜脂肪是包围心脏和冠状血管的一种内脏脂肪,为心脏提供缓冲保护作

9月26日,国际学术期刊Cell Research 在线发表了营养所周斌组的最新研究进展:“Epicardium-to-fat transition in injured heart”。该研究发现,在发育过程中心外膜祖细胞可以转变成心脏周围的脂肪细胞,这一过程在成体稳态心脏中并不发生,却在心梗的模型中被再度激活。 

心外膜脂肪是包围心脏和冠状血管的一种内脏脂肪,为心脏提供缓冲保护作用的同时也增加了心脏冠状血管疾病的风险性,与冠状动脉粥样硬化、心脏病有很高的相关性,而这些脂肪的来源目前仍然是个未知数。 

心外膜祖细胞是一群具有分化多能性的位于心脏最外层的细胞,至今为止的研究发现其可分化成成纤维细胞、血管平滑肌细胞甚至心肌细胞,但其转化成脂肪细胞的能力却鲜有报道。研究探索心外膜脂肪的起源可以为心脏冠状动脉疾病的诊断和治疗提供新研究方向和思路。 

在此研究中,博士生刘巧珍等在周斌研究员的指导下,利用转基因小鼠Wt1-CreERT2;Rosa-RFP,特异性标记追踪心外膜细胞发育的命运。结果发现胚胎期标记的心外膜细胞除了分化成冠状血管平滑肌细胞以外还可以形成心脏房室之间的脂肪细胞。但在成体中再度标记心外膜时却观察不到这一现象,说明成体稳态中心外膜转变成脂肪的能力被抑制。以往的研究证明成体心脏损伤时,心外膜细胞可以再度激发胚胎发育中的一些特性,分化成为其他类型细胞。因此该工作进一步研究了心脏损伤情况下心外膜细胞转变成脂肪细胞的能力,结果意外发现损伤部位形成脂肪组织,而其中部分的脂肪细胞正是来源于心外膜。研究还发现心外膜及其衍生的细胞是具有多能性的,在不同的培养条件下可被诱导成脂肪细胞、软骨细胞和成骨细胞。 


在受损心脏中,心外膜来源的细胞(红色)转变为脂肪细胞(绿色)

原始出处:

Liu Q, Huang X, Oh JH, Lin RZ, Duan S, Yu Y, Yang R, Qiu J, Melero-Martin JM, Pu WT, Zhou B.Epicardium-to-fat transition in injured heart. Cell Res. 2014 Sep 26. doi: 10.1038/cr.2014.125

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