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Nature Materials:微芯片揭示肿瘤细胞如何变侵袭细胞

2014-08-25 佚名 cnbeta

科学家用一种微芯片作为细胞的“障碍训练场”,揭示出细胞变形如何把肿瘤从良性变成了具有侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。相关论文发表在近期《自然-材料》杂志上。 在上皮—细胞间质转化(EMT)过程中,上皮细胞会和内部组织粘在一起变成间质细胞,才能扩散和迁移。在胚胎阶段这一过程是有利的,让细胞能在整个胚胎中移动,建立起各种组织。近来研究人员提出,EMT可能在癌症转移中也发挥作用,让癌细胞从肿瘤上脱离,转移到远处其

科学家用一种微芯片作为细胞的“障碍训练场”,揭示出细胞变形如何把肿瘤从良性变成了具有侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。相关论文发表在近期《自然-材料》杂志上。

在上皮—细胞间质转化(EMT)过程中,上皮细胞会和内部组织粘在一起变成间质细胞,才能扩散和迁移。在胚胎阶段这一过程是有利的,让细胞能在整个胚胎中移动,建立起各种组织。近来研究人员提出,EMT可能在癌症转移中也发挥作用,让癌细胞从肿瘤上脱离,转移到远处其他器官开拓新的“殖民地”。

“人们对EMT如何运作,以及它和肿瘤扩展之间有何关系很感兴趣,但还没人知道这是怎样发生的。”论文第一作者、布朗工程学院与生物医学工程中心副教授、麻省总医院博士后研究员王伊恩(音译)说。

为了理解癌细胞是怎样运动的,研究人员用微电子处理技术制作出一种PDMS芯片,由一个约半毫米见方的底盘覆盖一层微柱阵列构成,微柱直径10微米,间隔10微米,仅容细胞通过。利用显微镜和延时摄影技术,研究人员观察了细胞是怎样通过芯片的。

“基本上,这就像细胞的障碍训练场,这些柱子的大小和空间都是严格控制的。”王伊恩说,“我们能跟踪每个细胞,按细胞运动方式统计分析,给它们分类。”

在实验中,研究人员从基准良性癌细胞开始(上皮细胞开始表达一种特殊蛋白质),然后用化学物质诱导细胞变成恶性的和间质细胞。当所有细胞都完成转变后,它们就能在“障碍训练场”上自由运动了。实验显示,细胞表现出两种运动模式:多数细胞在群体中和其他细胞一起缓慢移动,少数细胞会脱离大部队,迅速覆盖到更大的地方。

“在细胞迁移时,EMT让癌细胞升级,把它们从‘经济车’变成快速‘跑车’。”王伊恩说,“我们的技术能同时跟踪数千辆‘车’,在拥堵的‘经济车’车流中,一些‘跑车’会全力向前开,另一些‘跑车’会另辟蹊径,绕道远处。”约84%的细胞会待在一起,在芯片底盘上慢慢前进;其他16%的细胞会跑到前面,迅速通过底盘。更令人吃惊的是,那些待在群体中的细胞开始再次表达上皮蛋白,这表明它们已经再次恢复成上皮细胞型。

王伊恩还指出:“根据这一发现,人们可以设计出有意义的治疗策略,开发一种能让间质细胞‘跑车’恢复为上皮细胞‘经济车’的药物,使它们堵在一起不能动,就不能去侵袭周围组织了。” 此外,本实验的技术也能用于前期测试抗迁移药物。

原始出处:

Ian Y. Wong, Sarah Javaid, Elisabeth A. Wong, Sinem Perk, Daniel A. Haber, Mehmet Toner & Daniel Irimia. Collective and individual migration following the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Nature Materials, 17 August 2014 

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    2015-06-28 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880255, encodeId=8e461880255c7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jun 28 19:42:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11364, encodeId=731811364e4, content=期待EMT逆转, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f461104287, createdName=dongshuying, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 14:51:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1312900, encodeId=48921312900b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ce783062c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83062, encryptionId=4ce783062c7, topicName=肿瘤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 08:42:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1458904, encodeId=077a14589049e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53cc8691532' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#芯片#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86915, encryptionId=53cc8691532, topicName=芯片)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8bf76117088, createdName=lixiaol, createdTime=Wed Aug 27 08:42:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=11298, encodeId=cd6111298da, content=什么时候能应用于实践治疗...., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9172107051, createdName=Dr30, createdTime=Mon Aug 25 18:08:00 CST 2014, time=2014-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-08-27 dongshuying

    期待EMT逆转

    0

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    2014-08-27 lixiaol
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    2014-08-25 Dr30

    什么时候能应用于实践治疗....

    0

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来自天津医科大学肿瘤医院的李凯教授分析了靶向药物效果:“未疗先知”还是“因治而变”? 肿瘤血管网中存在抗血管药物的特异性靶点(异常血管内皮细胞 )、其数量与初始疗效可能相关 :疗效可能治前评估。而抗血管生成治疗靶点的不稳定和肿瘤血管网的异质性导致了:原有靶点发生突变、新的靶点浮现出来、新的靶点又提供了新的治疗机会。 疗效需要动态观察、治疗应该“随靶而变” 不同于TKI,以抗血

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当斯克里普斯研究所的研究人员试图去研究破坏癌症调节子MYC的功能时,他们发现一种像信用卡的新型分子或许可以破坏MYC和其配体之间的相互作用,相关研究刊登于国际杂志PNAS上,该研究揭示了新型的药物候选分子或许可以帮助阻断动物模型机体中的肿瘤生长。研究者Kim Janda说道,MYC是一种转录调节子,其可以控制基因的表达;当MYC处于过表达状态时,未被调节的基因就会参与细胞的增殖,这一步常常是癌症生

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