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NEJM:降低癌症治疗风险,有助于降低儿童期癌症幸存者的后期死亡

2016-01-14 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

在20世纪70年代和80年代之间被诊断患儿童癌症的患者中,18%的存活5年的患者在随后的25年死亡。在近几十年中,癌症治疗方法已通过减少威胁生命的后期影响的目标被加以修改。原始出处:Gregory T. Armstrong,Yan Chen,Yutaka Yasui,et al.Reduction in Late Mortality among 5-Year Survivors of Childh

在20世纪70年代和80年代之间被诊断患癌症的儿童患者中,幸存至少5年的患者中有18%在随后的25年中死亡。在近几十年中,因治疗以减少威胁生命的后遗症为目标,癌症治疗获得了改善。

研究人员评估了儿童癌症幸存者队列研究中的34033例患者的晚期死亡率,这些患者在儿童期癌症后存活至少5年(即21岁前确诊患癌症),在1970年到1999年接受初始治疗。中位随访时间为21年(范围,5〜38)。研究人员评估了与因健康原因死亡相关的人口和疾病因素(即排除复发或原发癌症和外因的进展,但包括癌症治疗后期的影响),采用累积发病率和分段指数模型估计相对概率和95%的置信区间。

在研究期间共发生了3958例死亡事件,1618例(41%)归因于健康相关因素,其中746人死于继发的肿瘤,241例心源性死亡,137例肺疾病相关死亡,494例死于其他原因。15年的任何原因死亡率(从70年代初12.4%至20世纪90年代的6.0%,趋势P<0.001)以及和健康原因有关的死亡率(从3.5%到2.1%,趋势P<0.001)都有所降低。这些死亡率的降低归因于继发肿瘤(P<0.001)、心脏疾病(P<0.001)和肺疾病的原因(P=0.04)的死亡率下降。十年的疗法变化包括减少颅放射治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病的比例(在20世纪70年代为85%,在20世纪80年代为51%,而在20世纪90年代为19%),减少腹部放疗治疗肾母细胞瘤的比例(分别为78%,53%和43%),减少胸部放疗治疗霍奇金淋巴瘤的比例(分别为87%,79%和61%),以及暴露于减少蒽环类药物的比例。急性淋巴细胞白血病和肾母细胞瘤幸存者中治疗暴露的减少也降低了晚期死亡率。

降低治疗风险的策略,有助于降低儿童癌症的5年幸存者的远期死亡。

原始出处:

Gregory T. Armstrong,Yan Chen,Yutaka Yasui,et al.Reduction in Late Mortality among 5-Year Survivors of Childhood Cancer,NEJM,2016.1.14

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    2016-01-24 1de3b290m83(暂无匿称)

    平衡木

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