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ASCO 2021: 摘要概览与展望 9:结直肠癌一线治疗方案

2021-05-26 K.K MedSci原创

结直肠癌(Colorectal cancer,CRC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率及死亡率均高居我国恶性肿瘤的前五位。分子水平的检测可为结直肠癌的诊断及个体化治疗的实施提供依据。大量的随机证据支持

结直肠癌(Colorectal cancer,CRC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率及死亡率均高居我国恶性肿瘤的前五位。分子水平的检测可为结直肠癌的诊断及个体化治疗的实施提供依据。大量的随机证据支持在转移性结直肠癌中使用中断治疗,尽管毒性降低,但并没有普遍向患者提供中断治疗,也没有对总生存期造成损害。先前的试验表明,卡培他滨和贝伐单抗的联合治疗可以延长PFS(无进展生存期),但不能延长总生存期。FOCUS4-N探讨了在一线治疗中疾病得到控制的患者中口服维持性卡培他滨单药治疗。

FOCUS4是一项分子分层试验计划,对来自英国88家医院的新诊断的转移性结直肠癌患者进行登记。在接受16周的一线治疗期间,肿瘤样本被送去进行实验室测试,以将他们的疾病分为分子亚型:MSI、BRAF、PIK3CA、TP53和RAS基因突变。对于某些分子组,可以进行靶向治疗分试验,但对于无法进行靶向分试验的患者,可以进入FOCUS4-N试验。患者按1:1的比例随机选择维持卡培他滨治疗或AM治疗。主要结果是使用8周一次的RECIST的CT扫描评估出的PFS,生活质量(使用EQ5D健康指数量表 8周)和OS作为次要结果,毒性和耐受性每4周评估一次。在病情进展时,从最低点开始,患者重新开始一线治疗。通过调整肿瘤位置、转移负担、一线治疗和生物标志物亚型,用Cox回归法评估意向治疗(ITT)的疗效。

在2014年3月~2020年3月期间,254名患者被随机分配(127名卡培他滨组和127名AM组)。AM组的事件发生率高于预期,患者的治疗的依从性很好。卡培他滨组 vs AM的毒性是预期之中的,腹泻(23%vs13%)和手足综合症(26%vs3%)等。生活质量在两组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。

尽管强有力的证据表明维持治疗会延长PFS,但OS仍然不受影响,在治疗间歇期对转移性结直肠癌一线治疗稳定或反应良好的患者的安全疗法,FOCUS4-N的研究提供了更多的证据。在联合治疗16周后,未使用贝伐珠单抗的卡培他滨组可延长PFS。临床试验信息。ISRCTN#90061546。

原文出处:

https://meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/195966/abstract

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    2021-10-30 quxin068
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    2021-05-28 148aa5c4m83(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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