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JAAD:儿童病期白癜风的发病率和特应性皮炎、自身免疫性疾病和银屑病风险的增加相关性研究

2022-03-22 医路坦克 MedSci原创

儿童期白癜风(COV)被定义为12岁之前发生的白癜风,本文研究分析了COV患者与年龄和性别匹配的健康人相比的发病率和并发疾病的风险,

    儿童期白癜风(COV)被定义为12岁之前发生的白癜风。为了确定COV患者与年龄和性别匹配的健康人相比的发病率和并发疾病的风险,我们通过获取2007年1月至2018年12月记录的NHI索赔数据进行了一项全国性的横断面研究。

   用SAS软件6.1版对所有数据进行分析。统计分析包括泊松回归和多因素Logistic回归。多重比较采用Benjamini-Hochberg法。两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

   2010-2018年期间COV发病率为50.3/100,000人年。2010年至2018年年发病率呈上升趋势(P<0.001)。女性发病率显著高于男性(P<0.001)。

   在调整了年龄、性别和合并疾病后,患有COV的患者患特应性皮炎的风险显著增加,但患过敏性鼻炎的风险降低。我们还发现冠状病毒与各种疾病有显著的相关性,包括Graves病、桥本氏甲状腺炎、红斑狼疮、吗啡、类风湿性关节炎、斑秃、荨麻疹和银屑病。在按性别进行的亚组分析中,仅在女性中观察到COV与Graves病和红斑狼疮之间的关联。

   先前的研究表明,与晚发型白癜风患者相比,COV患者患特应性皮炎的风险更高。在这项研究中,我们发现COV患者患特应性皮炎的风险比健康对照组更高。过敏性鼻炎的矛盾结果可能是由于过敏性鼻炎的过度诊断造成的,因为过敏性鼻炎的发病率非常高。

图1.儿童期白癜风的年发病率。

图2.儿童期发病的白癜风与共病疾病之间的关系的森林图。*按性别和年龄调整。CI=可信区间;OR=赔率比

 

   只有几项研究报道了自身免疫性疾病与COV之间的关联,报告COV患者的自身免疫性疾病的风险低于晚发白癜风患者。然而,基于我们的结果,COV患者自身免疫性疾病的风险不应被忽视,需要密切监测。

   这是第一项以人群为基础的研究,以确定COV患者并发疾病的发生率和相关性。冠状病毒与上述疾病之间的关联表明,白癜风患者存在易感免疫学背景,而不是自身免疫。

 

文献来源:Lim JH,  Lew BL,  Sim WY, Incidence of childhood-onset vitiligo and increased risk of atopic dermatitis, autoimmune diseases, and psoriasis: A nationwide population-based study.J Am Acad Dermatol 2022 Mar 08;

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