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盘点:维生素D,很多你都不知道哦

2016-11-09 MedSci MedSci原创

简单地搜索一下“维生素D做什么用?”你就会了解到这个广泛使用的膳食补充剂主要调节钙的吸收和促进骨生长。毫无疑问,维生素D是健康相关研究的大热门;众多研究表明维生素D对人类健康有益。【1】补充维生素D可改善骨折老年患者的身体功能近日,一项新的研究发现表明,髋关节骨折的老年患者通常并不服用维生素D,而增加维生素D的摄入量或可改善身体功能。此项多中心随机对照试验共纳入了1111名持续性股骨颈骨折患者

简单地搜索一下“维生素D做什么用?”你就会了解到这个广泛使用的膳食补充剂主要调节钙的吸收和促进骨生长。毫无疑问,维生素D是健康相关研究的大热门;众多研究表明维生素D对人类健康有益。

【1】补充维生素D可改善骨折老年患者的身体功能

近日,一项新的研究发现表明,髋关节骨折的老年患者通常并不服用维生素D,而增加维生素D的摄入量或可改善身体功能。

此项多中心随机对照试验共纳入了1111名持续性股骨颈骨折患者。均采用松质骨螺钉或滑动髋螺钉治疗。研究结果将报告在骨质疏松相关年会上

在625名患者的子群中,研究人员随访2年探究维生素D的摄入量。在随访的前6个月基于患者补充维生素D的频率将患者维生素D的摄入量分类为连续的(三到四次),不连续的(一至两次)或者未依从服用。

使用多元回归分析来比较补充维生素D对身体机能的影响。总体而言,首次分析中,共有575名患者纳入分析,患者的平均年龄为74.5岁,65.8%的患者为女性,72.6%的患者有移位骨折。

调查结果显示,18.7%的患者未摄入维生素,35.6%的患者未连续服用维生素D,45.7%的患者连续服用维生素D。

此外,连续服用维生素D的患者1年时期身体机能得分增加了2.42分,并未发现维生素D补充剂和再手术率之间具有关联。(文章详见--补充维生素D可改善骨折老年患者的身体功能

【2】Eur J Neurol:维生素D缺乏与低HDL-C的卒中患者预后不良相关

目前的观察研究表明,较低的维生素D水平与缺血性脑卒中较差预后的风险较高相关。这种相关性是否受血脂水平的影响还不清楚。研究者旨在调查血清维生素D,尤其是维生素D的缺乏对不同血脂水平的缺血性卒中预后的影响。

方法:中国急性缺血性脑卒中的降压试验中纳入3181例缺血性患者,检测患者基线血清25 -羟维生素D水平。前瞻性地随访急性缺血性卒中后3个月患者死亡,主要的残疾和血管事件的发生。应用多变量logistic回归模型评估不同血脂水平亚组中,血清25羟维生素D水平和随访3个月缺血性脑卒中的临床预后的关系。

结果:维生素D缺乏与仅与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)<1.04 mmol/L的患者,而不是所有缺血性卒中患者临床预后差相关。主要残疾和复合不良事件的多变量校正后的比值比(95%CI)分别为1.98(1.08-3.63),2.24(1.22-4.12)。维生素D和HDL-C水平对重大残疾和复合预后之间存在显著交互作用(相互作用P<0.05)。25羟维生素D水平与不良预后的风险之间存在显著的线性趋势(P = 0.03)。

结论:维生素D缺乏可能仅仅是低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的缺血性脑卒中患者预后较差一个独立的危险因素。(文章详见--Eur J Neurol:维生素D缺乏与低HDL-C的卒中患者预后不良相关

【3】Clin Nutr:脐血维生素D缺乏和不足的危险因素有哪些?

本文评估和脐血维生素D缺乏(s-25(OH)D <25 nmol/L)和不足(s-25(OH)D 25–50 nmol/L)的患病率和危险因素,评估脐血s-25(OH)D水平与新生儿结局(BW、PW、PW/BW)之间的联系。

研究对象来自欧登塞儿童队列,这是一个丹麦的前瞻性人群队列,纳入单胎分娩、有脐血标本检测s-25(OH)D的参与者(n = 2082)。

脐血维生素D缺乏和不足的发生率分别为16.7%和41.0%。白皮肤、冬季出生、孕妇每日补充剂量<15 μg、非西方民族和高体重指数(BMI),是维生素D缺乏和不足的独立危险因素。

87%的孕妇(初产妇与经产妇分别有91%和81%,P<0.0001)坚持推荐补充维生素D,剂量为10 μg/天。

脐血s-25(OH)D与BW呈“U”型关系(p = 0.003)。调整后,脐血s-25(OH)D与BW (β = 1.522, p = 0.026)、PW (β = 0.927, p < 0.001)、PW/BW(β = 0.018, p < 0.001)呈正相关,很大程度上是由脐血s-25(OH)D>60 nmol/L积极推动的。(文章详见--Clin Nutr:脐血维生素D缺乏和不足的危险因素有哪些?

【4】还能抗衰老?!维生素D的好处远超现有观点

在Buck研究所的研究显示维生素D通过影响长寿和年龄相关的疾病的基因起作用。这篇文章发表在10月25日的Cell Report上也许能解释为什么维生素D缺乏与乳腺癌结肠癌和前列腺癌以及肥胖、心脏病和抑郁症有关。

通讯作者,Buck研究所的Gordon Lithgow教授说:“维生素D与已知的长寿基因相关。它能在线虫中延长33%的平均寿命,并且减缓衰老相关的数百个蛋白的错误折叠。我们的研究为临床医生和其他研究人员一个机会在更大范围内了解维生素D。”

这项研究涉及蛋白质的稳态,即蛋白质随着时间推移保持它们的形状和功能的能力。这是个平衡的过程,但在衰老进程中失控了,通常会造成有毒性的不可溶蛋白聚集,包括阿尔茨海默症、帕金森病和亨廷顿氏病,以及2型糖尿病和心脏病的一些形式。“维生素D3——维生素D的活性形式,可以在线虫中抑制不可溶的蛋白,以及防止和阿尔茨海默症相关的人β-淀粉样蛋白的毒性。”Lithgow教授说,“考虑到线虫和哺乳动物、包括人类的衰老过程是相似的。这让维生素D的作用在物种间是保守的听上去比较有道理。”(文章详见--还能抗衰老?!维生素D的好处远超现有观点

【5】Am J Clin Nutr:冬天,儿童每天需要摄入多少维生素D?

居住在北纬地区的儿童,因为冬季由真皮转变的维生素D3的生产十分少,属于维生素D缺乏症的高危人群。据我们所知,维持儿童维生素D水平的饮食需求还没有得到调查。

研究对象为居住在55°N的白色丹麦4-8岁儿童,确定能保持冬季25羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平处于临界值(25、30、40和50 nmol/L)以上的维生素D的摄入需求。

这项双盲、随机、对照试验纳入了119名儿童(平均年龄:6.7岁),随机分配到每天补充维生素D3的剂量0(安慰剂)、10或20 μg,持续20周。在基线和研究终点时,测量参与者的人体测量值、膳食维生素D水平和血清25(OH)D水平。

结果表明,对居住在北半球的4-8岁儿童,想要维持冬季血清25(OH)D水平>30–50 nmol/L,那么每日维生素D的摄入量应该在8-20 μg之间,具体的摄入量取决于设定的血清25(OH)D阈值。(文章详见--Am J Clin Nutr:冬天,儿童每天需要摄入多少维生素D?

【6】Clin Nutr:囊性纤维化患者维生素D3补充计划

囊性纤维化(CF)患者的维生素D(Vit D)缺乏,部分原因是因为胰腺外分泌机能不全。本研究的目的是建立一个维生素D3补充协议,让CF患者的25(OH)D水平达到推荐状态(30 ng/mL)。

研究者对200例CF患者进行了回顾性研究(≥18岁),维生素D3补充协议为:夏季(5月1日至10月31日)1600 IU/天或10 000 IU/周,冬季(11月1日到4月30日)3200 IU/天或20 000 IU/周,以及多种维生素1200 IU /天。

数据显示,参与者血清中25(OH)D水平显着增加,基线时为25.9 ± 10.3 ng/mL,随访时增加到37.0 ± 11.4 ng/mL (P ≤ 0.001)。随访过程中,增加冬季维生素D3补充剂量,对血清25(OH)D水平的改善情况,与夏季增加剂量类似。

结果表明,这份维生素D3补充协议对囊性纤维化患者是有效的;不过还需要进一步的研究来验证和重复本研究。(文章详见--Clin Nutr:囊性纤维化患者维生素D3补充计划

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162236, encodeId=5d2516223656, content=冬天维生素d 有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0iaeHUsbIzwsociaXY4eY8DryoMrt2gEdB9WBJl32NBRdY2JLRtDPibf3KoIM53fldicMJYbSUWVaXU/0, createdBy=e6fc75818, createdName=maymoon1983, createdTime=Mon Dec 12 21:26:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154994, encodeId=db0d154994b9, content=学习了。新知识新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Fri Nov 11 12:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154891, encodeId=e9271548912a, content=非常有用谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bd7f1976397, createdName=1e171f9cm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Nov 10 22:33:47 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154713, encodeId=4b28154e13cd, content=学习了很多先进的医学知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161027/IMG58114E1818EA51495.jpg, createdBy=4b2c1959822, createdName=雅文博武, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 07:48:58 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154703, encodeId=b2ce154e03c9, content=更贴近百姓生活的研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKDtuWHtWxToIW0ZEvbHgDb4ibqQ1xaDQxcsHC5NIc2RJUxQgHJOLGEg8OUT345rDPmka4icU0WHPgw/0, createdBy=379f1941464, createdName=艳阳天2016, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 07:19:23 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154682, encodeId=f2fb1546821b, content=重新学习并认识了维生素d的功能及作用。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 06:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154660, encodeId=f20915466037, content=学习下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0f261920920, createdName=上邪zyy, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 23:52:58 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154654, encodeId=d3ac154654bf, content=补充维生素的量怎么界定?求解答。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151226/IMG567EB873985DE3928.jpg, createdBy=ea941622301, createdName=inter158, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 23:29:38 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-12 maymoon1983

    冬天维生素d 有意思

    0

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    2016-11-11 医张生

    学习了。新知识新知识。

    0

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    2016-11-10 1e171f9cm65(暂无匿称)

    非常有用谢谢

    0

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    2016-11-10 雅文博武

    学习了很多先进的医学知识

    0

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    2016-11-10 艳阳天2016

    更贴近百姓生活的研究

    0

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    2016-11-10 刘煜

    重新学习并认识了维生素d的功能及作用。

    0

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    2016-11-09 上邪zyy

    学习下

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=162236, encodeId=5d2516223656, content=冬天维生素d 有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0iaeHUsbIzwsociaXY4eY8DryoMrt2gEdB9WBJl32NBRdY2JLRtDPibf3KoIM53fldicMJYbSUWVaXU/0, createdBy=e6fc75818, createdName=maymoon1983, createdTime=Mon Dec 12 21:26:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154994, encodeId=db0d154994b9, content=学习了。新知识新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=112, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=01bb1684217, createdName=医张生, createdTime=Fri Nov 11 12:06:18 CST 2016, time=2016-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154891, encodeId=e9271548912a, content=非常有用谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bd7f1976397, createdName=1e171f9cm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Nov 10 22:33:47 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154713, encodeId=4b28154e13cd, content=学习了很多先进的医学知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161027/IMG58114E1818EA51495.jpg, createdBy=4b2c1959822, createdName=雅文博武, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 07:48:58 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154703, encodeId=b2ce154e03c9, content=更贴近百姓生活的研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKDtuWHtWxToIW0ZEvbHgDb4ibqQ1xaDQxcsHC5NIc2RJUxQgHJOLGEg8OUT345rDPmka4icU0WHPgw/0, createdBy=379f1941464, createdName=艳阳天2016, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 07:19:23 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154682, encodeId=f2fb1546821b, content=重新学习并认识了维生素d的功能及作用。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Thu Nov 10 06:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154660, encodeId=f20915466037, content=学习下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0f261920920, createdName=上邪zyy, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 23:52:58 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=154654, encodeId=d3ac154654bf, content=补充维生素的量怎么界定?求解答。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151226/IMG567EB873985DE3928.jpg, createdBy=ea941622301, createdName=inter158, createdTime=Wed Nov 09 23:29:38 CST 2016, time=2016-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-09 inter158

    补充维生素的量怎么界定?求解答。

    0

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