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《中国高血压防治指南2018年修订版(征求意见稿)》发布,你关心的内容都在这!

2018-09-24 慢病界 慢病管理网

《中国高血压防治指南》2018版修订的指导思想是:执行国家“预防为主,防治结合,重心下沉”的方针。9月20日,《中国高血压防治指南2018年修订版(征求意见稿)》发布,赶快来看看这些大家都关心的内容吧!一、诊断性评估包括三个方面内容:(1)确立高血压诊断,确定血压水平分级;(2)判断高血压的原因,区分原发性或继发性高血压;(3)寻找其他心脑血管危险因素、靶器官损害及相关临床情况,从而做出高血压病因

《中国高血压防治指南》2018版修订的指导思想是:执行国家“预防为主,防治结合,重心下沉”的方针。

9月20日,《中国高血压防治指南2018年修订版(征求意见稿)》发布,赶快来看看这些大家都关心的内容吧!

一、诊断性评估

包括三个方面内容:

(1)确立高血压诊断,确定血压水平分级;

(2)判断高血压的原因,区分原发性或继发性高血压;

(3)寻找其他心脑血管危险因素、靶器官损害及相关临床情况,从而做出高血压病因的鉴别诊断和评估患者的心脑血管疾病风险程度,指导诊断与治疗。在高血压患者中,评估是否有靶器官损害是高血压诊断评估的重要内容,特别是检出无症状性亚临床靶器官损害。

二、分类与分层

高血压定义不变

新版指南中,高血压的定义不变,即:在未使用降压药物的情况下,诊室收缩压≥140mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg。

根据血压升高水平,将高血压分为1、2、3级。



备注:当SBP和DBP分属于不同级别时,以较高的分级为准

根据血压水平、心血管危险因素、靶器官损害、临床并发症和糖尿病进行心血管风险分层,分为低危、中危、高危和很高危4个层次。

三、血压测量

三种不同的测量方法

诊室血压是我国目前临床诊断高血压、进行血压水平分级以及观察降压疗效的常用方法;

有条件者应进行诊室外血压测量,用于诊断白大衣性高血压及隐匿性高血压,评估降压治疗的疗效,辅助难治性高血压的诊治。

动态血压监测可评估24 h血压昼夜节律、体位性低血压、餐后低血压等;

家庭血压监测还可辅助调整治疗方案,基于互联网的远程实时血压监测是血压管理的新模式。

精神高度焦虑的患者,不建议频繁自测血压。



不同测量方法诊断标准不同

四、高血压的治疗

根本目标和治疗原则

高血压治疗的根本目标是降低发生心、脑、肾及血管并发症和死亡的总危险。降压治疗的获益主要来自血压降低本身。

在改善生活方式的基础上,应根据高血压患者的总体风险水平决定给予降压药物,同时干预可纠正的危险因素、靶器官损害和并存的临床疾病。

在条件允许的情况下,应采取强化降压的治疗策略,以取得最大的心血管获益。

降压目标因人而异

1、一般高血压患者

一般高血压患者应降至<140/90 mmHg;能耐受和部分高危及以上的患者可进一步降低至<130/80 mmHg。

2、老年高血压

65~79岁的老年人,首先应降至<150/90 mmHg,如能耐受,可进一步降至<140/90 mmHg;≥80岁的老年人应降至<150/90 mmHg。

3、特殊患者

1)妊娠高血压患者<150/100mmHg;

2)脑血管病患者:病情稳定的脑卒中患者为<140/90mmHg,急性缺血性卒中并准备溶栓者<180/110mmHg;

3)冠心病患者<140/90mmHg,如果能耐受可降至<130/80mmHg,应注意DBP不宜降得过低;

4)一般糖尿病患者的血压目标<130/80mmHg,老年和冠心病<140/90mmHg;

5)慢性肾脏病患者:无蛋白尿<140/90mmHg,有蛋白尿<130/80mmHg;

6)心力衰竭患者<140/90mmHg。

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    2018-09-25 smartxiuxiu

    0

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    2018-09-24 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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