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Sci Rep:RNA干扰系统在哺乳动物细胞内具有抗病毒功能

2016-06-09 佚名 生物谷

对于包括线虫和植物在内的许多有机体来说,RNA干扰(RNAi)是对抗病毒感染的一种防御系统,但是在哺乳动物细胞中RNAi是否也具有抗病毒感染功能仍不清楚。最近来自日本的科学家对这一问题进行了探讨,相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Scientific Reports上。   RNA干扰是一种在进化上非常保守的系统,几乎存在于所有真核细胞中。之前有研究发现在植物、线虫以及昆虫体内RNAi作

对于包括线虫和植物在内的许多有机体来说,RNA干扰(RNAi)是对抗病毒感染的一种防御系统,但是在哺乳动物细胞中RNAi是否也具有抗病毒感染功能仍不清楚。最近来自日本的科学家对这一问题进行了探讨,相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Scientific Reports上。
 
RNA干扰是一种在进化上非常保守的系统,几乎存在于所有真核细胞中。之前有研究发现在植物、线虫以及昆虫体内RNAi作为一种抗病毒系统发挥防御作用,来自病毒的双链RNA分子能够被核糖核酸内切酶Dicer所切割形成siRNA,随后RISC复合体借助siRNA对病毒的RNA基因组进行切割,导致病毒复制受到抑制。虽然RNAi系统不仅用于基础研究,还在一些哺乳类动物体内得到了治疗应用,但是RNAi系统是否也在哺乳动物细胞内发挥抗病毒功能仍不清楚。
 
在这项最新研究中,研究人员发现在RNA干扰系统中发挥关键作用的核糖核酸内切酶Dicer能够通过剪切腺病毒编码的small RNA(VA-RNA)使其变成病毒microRNA(mivaRNAs)有效抑制腺病毒的复制,这类VA-RNA能够通过抑制eIF2α磷酸化有效促进腺病毒复制。
 
研究人员通过敲低技术抑制Dicer表达,发现能够显著增加VA-RNA的拷贝数,导致eIF2α磷酸化受到有效抑制,随后促进了腺病毒的复制。而与之相反,过表达Dicer则会显著抑制腺病毒的复制。
 
这些结果提示Dicer介导的VA-RNA加工过程会导致VA-RNA失去增强腺病毒复制的活性,同时表明在哺乳动物细胞中,Dicer也会作为一种防御分子发挥抗腺病毒感染的功能。
 
原始出处   
 
Mitsuhiro Machitani, Fuminori Sakurai, Keisaku Wakabayashi, Kyoko Tomita, Masashi Tachibana & Hiroyuki Mizuguchi.Dicer functions as an antiviral system against human adenoviruses via cleavage of adenovirus-encoded noncoding RNA..Scientific Reports.2016
 

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    2016-06-11 milkshark

    的确不错

    0

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    2016-06-11 milkshark

    值得学习

    0

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    2016-06-11 yahu
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