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Front Ageing Neurosci:疱疹病毒导致阿尔茨海默症?这篇综述了解一下

2018-10-28 探索菌 生物探索

作为老年性痴呆症中最常见的类型,阿尔茨海默病(AD)的致病原因有哪些?一直以来,研究人员没有停止探索的脚步。近日,最新一篇综述证明,这个答案可能就在我们的鼻子底下——引起唇疱疹的疱疹病毒会导致阿尔茨海默氏症,而抗病毒药物能显著降低严重疱疹感染患者的老年痴呆症风险。

作为老年性痴呆症中最常见的类型,阿尔茨海默病(AD)的致病原因有哪些?一直以来,研究人员没有停止探索的脚步。近日,最新一篇综述证明,这个答案可能就在我们的鼻子底下——引起唇疱疹的疱疹病毒会导致阿尔茨海默氏症,而抗病毒药物能显著降低严重疱疹感染患者的老年痴呆症风险。

研究结果以“Corroboration of a Major Role for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Alzheimer’s Disease”为题发表在《Frontiers in Ageing Neuroscience》杂志上。这一综述有望为人类最昂贵的疾病之一提供简单、有效的预防性治疗。

HSV1学说

疱疹病毒是一种可怕的“礼物”,它们终生存在于我们的神经元和免疫细胞中,当我们因压力或疾病而筋疲力尽时,它们会重新激活并在特征性水泡中重新浮现。大多数人到老年时都感染了HSV1病毒。

但是在HSV1重新激活期间,我们大脑中受感染的神经元会发生什么变化呢?

“50%或者更多的阿尔茨海默症源于HSV1。” Ruth Itzhaki教授说,他已经在曼彻斯特大学工作了25年,研究两者潜在的联系。

这一概念所依据的初步发现是,在AD患者和老年正常人的大脑中可检测到HSV1的DNA(后者感染无症状),两者不同的是,大多数AD患者是载脂蛋白E基因(APOE-ε4)携带者。

HSV1更广为人知的影响是导致唇疱疹。Itzhaki先前已经证明,APOE-ε4基因的携带者中,唇疱疹的发生率更高。

“我们的理论认为,在APOE-ε4携带者中,再激活HSV1感染的脑细胞更频繁或更有害,因此积累的损伤(直接病毒作用和主要炎症效应)最终导致阿尔茨海默病的发展。”

证明理论

很少有国家能收集到验证这一理论所需的人口数据——例如,找出抗病毒治疗是否能降低痴呆症风险。然而在中国台湾,研究人员做到了这一点。在那里,99.9%的人口登记在健康保险研究数据库中,该数据库正在广泛地挖掘微生物感染和疾病的信息。2017-2018年发表的三篇研究报告,描述了台湾关于老年痴呆症(其中阿尔茨海默病是主要原因)的发展情况,以及HSV或水痘带状疱疹病毒(VZV,水痘病毒)感染明显症状患者的治疗信息。

“结果发现,感染HSV的人罹患老年痴呆症的风险要大得多,而接受过疱疹抗病毒治疗的人中随后发展为痴呆的人数急剧减少。” Itzhaki如是说道。

Itzhaki研究小组先前的发现提供了支持这些流行病学发现的机制联系。他们发现HSV1会导致阿尔茨海默症特有的蛋白质沉积以及它们内部的“缠结”。

结果显示,病毒DNA定位于阿尔茨海默病患者死后脑组织中的斑块内。导致病斑和缠结的主要蛋白质也在HSV1感染的细胞培养物中积累,而抗病毒药物可以预防这种情况。

走向治愈

“应该强调的是,这些研究结果只适用于严重的HSV1(或VZV)感染患者,” Itzhaki强调,“理想情况下,我们应该研究那些患有轻度HSV1感染人群的痴呆症发病率,包括唇疱疹(唇疱疹)或轻度生殖器疱疹,但这些不太可能被记录在案。”

虽然还需要进一步的工作来确认和定义HSV1感染和阿尔茨海默病之间的因果联系,但Itzhaki对治疗前景充满信心。“考虑到超过150份出版物强烈支持HSV1在阿尔茨海默病中的作用,这些在台湾的发现极大地证明了使用安全且耐受良好的抗疱疹药物治疗阿尔茨海默病是合理的。”

研究人员还鼓励开发HSV1疫苗,这可能是最有效的防治方法。这与世界范围内越来越多的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗用于预防宫颈癌的做法不谋而合。

原始出处:
Ruth F. Itzhaki. Corroboration of a Major Role for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Alzheimer’s Disease. Frontiers in Ageing Neuroscience. Oct 2018.

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    2018-10-30 lsndxfj
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816875, encodeId=143a18168e518, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Tue Jun 04 11:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817898, encodeId=58ab181e89882, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Sep 16 00:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364408, encodeId=bc4e136440846, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470252, encodeId=3e1114e0252d8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1580418, encodeId=0b5815804182f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c026e05485f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疱疹#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70548, encryptionId=c026e05485f, topicName=疱疹)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350776, encodeId=9b79350e7630, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:54 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350775, encodeId=092f350e75c9, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:21 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816875, encodeId=143a18168e518, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Tue Jun 04 11:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817898, encodeId=58ab181e89882, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Sep 16 00:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364408, encodeId=bc4e136440846, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470252, encodeId=3e1114e0252d8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1580418, encodeId=0b5815804182f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c026e05485f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疱疹#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70548, encryptionId=c026e05485f, topicName=疱疹)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350776, encodeId=9b79350e7630, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:54 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350775, encodeId=092f350e75c9, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:21 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-30 heli0118
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1816875, encodeId=143a18168e518, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17b59e77626' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97776, encryptionId=17b59e77626, topicName=阿尔茨)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Bnia2EtH2IvyBtniaWHPQOYAicsN3IAL1ZuPV7qyALcdCiawRJdEiafMxWTxzERQW7eeKg8HfCKCRK2CJicy073C4RJg/132, createdBy=464b2500186, createdName=ms1948154235210413, createdTime=Tue Jun 04 11:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1817898, encodeId=58ab181e89882, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c9f9e777ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97777, encryptionId=4c9f9e777ac, topicName=阿尔茨海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=636e2500187, createdName=12498da4m32(暂无昵称), createdTime=Mon Sep 16 00:22:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364408, encodeId=bc4e136440846, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=acc3210, createdName=lsndxfj, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1470252, encodeId=3e1114e0252d8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=45a79e7788c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔茨海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97778, encryptionId=45a79e7788c, topicName=阿尔茨海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c5917090900, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1580418, encodeId=0b5815804182f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c026e05485f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疱疹#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70548, encryptionId=c026e05485f, topicName=疱疹)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:22:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350776, encodeId=9b79350e7630, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:54 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=350775, encodeId=092f350e75c9, content=学习了,涨知识了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDM9swhbgTo7nzqRKzMmzckmEoeTyLQVDCgjqsicjyhxPs0vPoYU6GsSYbCjSkNHicJkz3NL0a0EbUMVdNjkctXI6FocpGKaVr9E/0, createdBy=29392048316, createdName=王秀, createdTime=Sun Oct 28 14:57:21 CST 2018, time=2018-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-10-28 王秀

    学习了,涨知识了!

    0

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    2018-10-28 王秀

    学习了,涨知识了!

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