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JNNP:体重明显减轻后颈胸段脊髓性空洞的自发消退

2021-07-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

脊髓性空洞症或空洞是脊髓内充满液体的空洞,可产生进行性脊髓病的症状。大型症状性病变的护理标准包括直接手术干预。本文提出一个妇女谁实现了她的颈胸空洞自发决议后,显着减肥。

脊髓性空洞症或空洞是脊髓内充满液体的空洞,可产生进行性脊髓病的症状。大型症状性病变的护理标准包括直接手术干预。本文提出一个确诊颈胸脊髓性空洞妇女在显着减肥后自发消退的病例。

一位病态肥胖的42岁女性,体重指数(BMI)为52kg/m2,临床症状表现为手部持续放射痛数月。病人描述间歇性感觉异常和失去温度感觉的左手大于右手。有轻微的不协调和虚弱的左手,但在其他方面是完整的运动。病人否认有步态不稳或大小便失禁的问题。既往无外伤史,也无视力丧失/特发性颅内高压(IIH)症状。在没有对比剂的情况下,颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的MRI显示一个巨大的颈椎和胸椎空洞,测量值为14 最大直径mm。脑部、颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的磁共振成像(MRI)以及脑脊液(CSF)流动成像序列显示,无隐匿性肿瘤、蛛网膜网和颅内病变。

Figure 1

2017年减肥前初次会诊MRI结果(A)MRI T2无颈椎对比,矢状位重建:显示整个颈脊髓的巨大T2高信号,最符合脊髓性空洞。值得注意的是,没有扁桃体异位提示Chiari畸形。髓质轻度受压。空洞内低信号异常可能继发于脑脊液流动伪影(B) MRI T2胸椎无对比,矢状位重建:大部分胸椎脊髓持续空洞(C) MRI T2无对比颈椎,轴位重建:C1-C2水平的巨大空洞(D) 无对比胸椎的MRI T2。

考虑到病人的病态肥胖和相对轻微的神经症状,病人同意进行减肥试验以降低手术风险。转诊给营养学家和减肥专家外科医生,并计划在一年内进行影像学随访。病人在一年内接受腹腔镜辅助胃旁路手术。在她复诊时,减轻了40英镑, 她的体重指数为38kg/m2。她的神经症状也有所改善,脊髓神经轴的MRI显示颈胸脊髓空洞病情稳定。一年后,患者的神经症状得到缓解,脊髓神经轴的MRI显示空洞几乎完全消退。尽管症状有所改善,但仍有一个新发现,即轻度扁桃体异位。鉴于她的影像学和症状的改善,不再建议神经外科治疗脊髓性空洞。

Figure 2

2020年体重显著减轻后MRI结果(A)MRI T2无颈椎对比,矢状位重建:大颈椎空洞几乎完全消失,T2低信号正常,代表颈髓。有一个新的,偶然发现的扁桃体异位,髓质的压迫得到了解决(B) MRI T2无胸椎对比,矢状位重建:正常胸椎脊髓无空洞(C) MRI T2无颈椎对比,轴位重建:颈髓只有一小部分T2高信号,在C1-C2水平上表现为几乎完全溶解的空洞(D) MRI T2无胸椎对比,轴位重建:正常胸椎脊髓T1-T2水平无空洞。

脊髓空洞症最常与Chiari畸形有关,可继发于创伤、髓内肿瘤或脊髓栓系。在后颅窝减压手术后,脊髓空洞症确实在这些病例中得到了解决,正如ChiariⅠ畸形所预期的那样。脊髓空洞症的发生机制有很多种。脊髓空洞症可能会损害多种特定的病理生理学病因,导致共同的临床症状和影像学表现。进行性脊髓空洞症伴神经症状恶化的外科治疗包括Chiari畸形减压或脊髓空洞症引流术伴脊髓空洞症-蛛网膜下腔分流术。其他人描述了罕见的脊髓空洞症自发消退(文献中仅有8例报道),尤其是与ChiariⅠ型畸形相关的,这是第一例报告的体重减轻后脊髓空洞症消失的病例。

另一份报告描述了一名IIH妇女,由于医源性过度劳累导致颈胸空洞症,经腰腹腔分流术在怀孕后消失,是由于分娩时腹内压升高引起的分流生理改变。事实上,脑脊液流动动力学的扰动可以随着体重变化而解决,正如减肥外科医生在快速减肥的IIH解决经验中所报告的那样。 Sugerman等人发现,在IIH患者中,腹压升高导致静脉压升高,进而导致脑脊液引流减少,颅内压升高。因此,随着体重减轻,脑脊液再吸收可能增加。脊髓性空洞的自发消退是可能的,可能与患者体重减轻是巧合。尽管如此,对于非机械性引起的脊髓性空洞,减肥可能是一种保守的治疗选择。

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2028666, encodeId=5c8a202866631, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a321006437a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#颈胸段#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100643, encryptionId=4a321006437a, topicName=颈胸段)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=afdf491, createdName=lilili1104, createdTime=Tue Dec 07 08:54:19 CST 2021, time=2021-12-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1514491, encodeId=f97c15144918d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ae010211143' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#髓性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=102111, encryptionId=1ae010211143, topicName=髓性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ae8810654266, createdName=more is better!, createdTime=Mon Jul 19 14:54:19 CST 2021, time=2021-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000503, encodeId=b43d10005037e, content=学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210225/938039c6a8dd44da88f12057ac560714/12320b429ac14066810455a5a10e4aa9.jpg, createdBy=4dea2051957, createdName=189****1979, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 05:57:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000499, encodeId=7b491000499e4, content=优化身体质量,回归正常健康。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dffa5465843, createdName=ms2000001361349190, createdTime=Sun Jul 18 01:18:41 CST 2021, time=2021-07-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-18 189****1979

    学习了!

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    2021-07-18 ms2000001361349190

    优化身体质量,回归正常健康。

    0

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