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Science:mTOR抑制剂具有治疗IL10突变的炎症性肠炎病人的潜力

2017-05-05 MedSci MedSci原创

该项研究,创新性的通过代谢的分子机理,阐述了IL10在天然免疫中的巨噬细胞中的功能。并且解释了为什么在IL10基因突变的肠炎病人中会出现受损线粒体积累的分子机理。IL10通过抑制mTOR信号通路抑制巨噬细胞活性,未来可能通过使用mTOR抑制剂来治疗IL10突变的肠炎病人。

白细胞介素10(IL-10)是一种抗炎细胞因子,在控制免疫应答中发挥关键作用。 已知其在T细胞介导的免疫反应中起到重要的抑制过度免疫反应发生。IL-10基因发生突变后,容易引起各种过免疫疾病,尤其是克罗恩疾病,和肠炎。然而,其在对于天然免疫细胞,比如巨噬细胞,中的作用机制仍然知之甚少。 

在最新一期的Science杂志中,W.K.Eddie Ip及其同事报道了他们的发现。IL-10能够抑制巨噬细胞在受到促炎性刺激后诱导发生的代谢程序的改变。具体来说,研究人员显示IL-10抑制脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,一种常见的细菌细胞外壁构成物)刺激巨噬细胞后发生的葡萄糖摄取和糖酵解并促进氧化磷酸化。巨噬细胞被细菌病原体激活后发生的葡萄糖摄取和糖酵解增加以及并促进氧化磷酸化对于激活巨噬细胞的促炎反应有重要的作用。IL0之所以能抑制发生这样的代谢变化是因为IL-10诱导mTOR抑制剂DDIT4的活性从而抑制加速调节细胞代谢能力的mTOR蛋白的活性。 

巨噬细胞长期激活后会导致线粒体的缺损和线粒体内氧化还原自由基(ROS)的积累,但是研究人员发现IL-10促进细胞吞噬含有高水平的氧化还原自由基的受损的线粒体(mitophagy)从而消除功能失调的线粒体。 在没有IL-10信号传导的情况下,巨噬细胞在结肠炎小鼠模型和炎症性肠病患者中累积大量的受损伤的线粒体,这些受损的线粒体会导致NLRP3炎症小体的异常活化和促炎因子IL-1β的产生。

该项研究,创新性的通过代谢的分子机理,阐述了IL10在天然免疫中的巨噬细胞中的功能。并且解释了为什么在IL10基因突变的肠炎病人中会出现受损线粒体积累的分子机理。IL10通过抑制mTOR信号通路抑制巨噬细胞活性,未来可能通过使用mTOR抑制剂来治疗IL10突变的肠炎病人。

原始出处:
W.K.Eddie Ip et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of IL-10 mediated by metabolic reprogramming of macrophages. Science 05 May 2017:Vol. 356, Issue 6337, pp. 513-519DOI: 10.1126/science.aal3535

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    2018-04-18 jklm09
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    2017-05-09 虈亣靌

    深刻研究其中的含义

    0

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    2017-05-07 jichang
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