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Cell:主导受损线粒体自噬的内膜受体被发现

2017-01-01 生物探索 生物探索

导读 12月22日在线发表在Cell上的文章中德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员发现了细胞用于清除受损线粒体的机制。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员发现了细胞用于清除受损线粒体的机制。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。自噬去除损伤的线粒体很重要UTSW自噬研究中心主任

导读 12月22日在线发表在Cell上的文章中德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员发现了细胞用于清除受损线粒体的机制。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。




德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员发现了细胞用于清除受损线粒体的机制。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。

自噬去除损伤的线粒体很重要

UTSW自噬研究中心主任Beth Levine博士和该研究的资深作者BethLevine博士在12月22日在线发表在Cell上的文章中表示,了解这一过程的工作原理可能会产生新的治疗方法,以防止某些疾病,甚至某些方面的老化。该自噬研究中心在美国是唯一的,研究称为自噬的过程,自噬的发生让细胞清除了受损或不必要的组分。

线粒体通常被称为“细胞的能量供应站”,当它们被损坏时,会释放活性氧的有毒化学物质到细胞的其余部分。Levine博士说:“通过自噬去除损伤的线粒体对于细胞健康是很重要的。”

细胞破碎时内膜蛋白PHB2暴露结合自噬体蛋白


Levine博士解释说研究人员已经注意到线粒体外膜上的“标签”蛋白,特别是附着这些标签的蛋白质Parkin,用来解释细胞的自噬体如何靶向病态线粒体细胞器。自噬体是双膜囊泡,含有在自噬的过程中降解要的细胞成分。

但UTSW科学家研究了人类和小鼠的细胞,发现在线粒体内膜上的受体,实际上在指导这些自噬体到达它们的靶向物质中更重要。

在该研究中,研究人员发现一种存在于线粒体的内膜上的蛋白质prohibitin 2(PHB2),但PHB2在受损的线粒体外膜上破损时会被暴露。断裂一旦发生,在自噬体的外部起监视作用的蛋白LC3便被吸引到PHB2蛋白上。

LC3蛋白然后附着到PHB2,并且自噬体携带受损细胞器到溶酶体。溶酶体的作用像微小的胃,具有分解细胞废物的酶。

PHB2对疾病和发育都有重要意义

Levine博士说:“该研究发现,PHB2对靶向线粒体自噬降解至关重要。以前的研究已经将PHB2的存在与预防癌症,衰老效应,神经变性和炎症联系起来。因此,鉴于这些有益的健康影响,PHB2的关键作用是帮助摆脱细胞中受损的线粒体,变得很有意义。通过了解细胞如何去除受损线粒体,对研究癌症,神经退行性疾病和衰老都有贡献的,我们可以开发治疗、预防这些过程。”

研究还发现,PHB2是常规去除发育中胚胎父系线粒体DNA所必需的,只留下来自母亲的线粒体DNA。这项工作是在线虫中进行的,但是最近在其他地方使用小鼠模型进行的研究表明,线粒体同样也用于去除哺乳动物胚胎中的父系线粒体。

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    2017-02-26 维他命
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  4. 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    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    研究还发现,PHB2是常规去除发育中胚胎父系线粒体DNA所必需的,只留下来自母亲的线粒体DNA。

    0

  5. 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likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 23:20:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    PHB2对疾病和发育都有重要意义

    0

  6. 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    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    但UTSW科学家研究了人类和小鼠的细胞,发现在线粒体内膜上的受体,实际上在指导这些自噬体到达它们的靶向物质中更重要。

    0

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likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 23:20:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    线粒体通常被称为“细胞的能量供应站”,当它们被损坏时,会释放活性氧的有毒化学物质到细胞的其余部分。

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attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:24:03 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167329, encodeId=126716e329e9, content=线粒体通常被称为“细胞的能量供应站”,当它们被损坏时,会释放活性氧的有毒化学物质到细胞的其余部分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:23:28 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167328, encodeId=bcb516e328c2, content=自噬研究中心在美国是唯一的,研究称为自噬的过程,自噬的发生让细胞清除了受损或不必要的组分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:23:13 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167327, encodeId=c74316e327cd, content=。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:22:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167320, encodeId=1b9616e32029, content=优秀啊,逐步深入,层层递进!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 23:20:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    自噬研究中心在美国是唯一的,研究称为自噬的过程,自噬的发生让细胞清除了受损或不必要的组分。

    0

  9. 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attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:24:03 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167329, encodeId=126716e329e9, content=线粒体通常被称为“细胞的能量供应站”,当它们被损坏时,会释放活性氧的有毒化学物质到细胞的其余部分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:23:28 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167328, encodeId=bcb516e328c2, content=自噬研究中心在美国是唯一的,研究称为自噬的过程,自噬的发生让细胞清除了受损或不必要的组分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, 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likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 23:20:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-02 为了宝宝

    。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。

    0

  10. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959965, encodeId=84e119599652e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Sun Feb 26 00:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708360, encodeId=22d81e0836013, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4c2d3051535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#内膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=30515, encryptionId=4c2d3051535, topicName=内膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=730431558473, createdName=12498974m61暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Nov 09 10:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869706, encodeId=9d961869e064e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Fri Nov 10 19:45:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167333, encodeId=095f16e33317, content=研究还发现,PHB2是常规去除发育中胚胎父系线粒体DNA所必需的,只留下来自母亲的线粒体DNA。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:24:59 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167332, encodeId=0d4c16e332f3, content=PHB2对疾病和发育都有重要意义, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:24:27 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167331, encodeId=a9b316e33144, content=但UTSW科学家研究了人类和小鼠的细胞,发现在线粒体内膜上的受体,实际上在指导这些自噬体到达它们的靶向物质中更重要。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:24:03 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167329, encodeId=126716e329e9, content=线粒体通常被称为“细胞的能量供应站”,当它们被损坏时,会释放活性氧的有毒化学物质到细胞的其余部分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=102, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:23:28 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167328, encodeId=bcb516e328c2, content=自噬研究中心在美国是唯一的,研究称为自噬的过程,自噬的发生让细胞清除了受损或不必要的组分。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:23:13 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167327, encodeId=c74316e327cd, content=。当线粒体受损时,会导致遗传问题、癌症、神经变性疾病、炎症性疾病和衰老。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 00:22:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=167320, encodeId=1b9616e32029, content=优秀啊,逐步深入,层层递进!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 23:20:46 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-01 䖝二

    优秀啊,逐步深入,层层递进!

    0

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