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Ann Intern Med:ACP临床指南委员会的更佳实践建议--肺栓塞指南

2015-09-29 phylis 译 MedSci原创

新的肺栓塞指南指出过度应用CT成像和血浆D-二聚检查诊断肺栓塞,可能弊大于利。9月29号,ACP在Annals of Internal Medicine杂志上发表肺栓塞最新指南。血浆D二聚体检查可能适用于那些发生肺栓塞中等风险的患者,不适用与低风险患者。波士顿马萨诸塞州综合医院急诊科的副主任Ali S. Raja和ACP临床指南协会的同事写道:尽管评估住院,出院以及急诊患者发生肺栓塞,CT检查应用

新的肺栓塞指南指出过度应用CT成像和血浆D-二聚体检测诊断肺栓塞,可能弊大于利。9月29号,美国医科大学(ACP)在Annals of Internal Medicine杂志上在线发表了肺栓塞的最新指南。

血浆D-二聚体检查可能更适用于那些中等风险的肺栓塞患者,而并不适用于低风险患者。

波士顿马萨诸塞州综合医院急诊科的副主任Ali S. Raja和ACP临床指南协会的同事写道:尽管住院、出院以及急诊发生肺栓塞的患者的CT检查应用增加,但是没有证据证明CT检查的增加能够改善患者预后。不必要的影像学检查会造成潜在的危害,包括:增加花费、辐射暴露、以及对检查结果的随访。

作者建议基于患者肺栓塞的危险程度,再使用威尔斯或日内瓦规则选择检查方式。

低风险患者:临床医生应该应用肺栓塞排除标准(PERC)八项;如果患者满足所有8个诊断标准,则检查造成的不利风险就会比较高,因此没必要进行检查。通过避免对低风险患者进行D-二聚体检测,能避免D二聚体假阳性结果以及接下来不必要的CT检查。值得注意的是,PERC不应该应用到中度风险或高风险人群中。

中度风险患者(或不满足所有排除标准的低风险患者):作者建议给予高敏感度的血浆D-二聚体检测作为初始检查。超过50岁的患者,作者建议应用年龄校正阈值(年龄× 10 ng/mL,而不是原本的固定值500 ng/mL),因为正常的D-二聚体水平会随着年龄的增长而增加。D-二聚体水平低于年龄校正值的患者不应接受任何影像学检查。高水平的D-二聚体患者应该接受影像学的检查。

高风险患者:应该跳过D-二聚体检测,直接进行CT肺动脉造影,因为D-二聚体检测的阴性结果不能使这些患者排除影像学检查的必要。如果患者有肺动脉造影禁忌或肺动脉造影无效,临床医生应该对患者进行肺通气/灌注显像。

新的指南是基于非系统性文献回顾,被作为最佳实践建议(Best Practice Advice)而发表声明。该指南旨在指导但不能代替临床医生的判断。

原文出处:

Beth Skwarecki. Pulmonary Embolism Guidelines Released by ACP. September 28, 2015.


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    2016-04-18 waiwai3042
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    2015-10-02 zhouxue1990

    肺栓塞,每个临床科室应该重视

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