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Curr Opin Biotechnol:CRISPR“挑战”抗生素!或解决全球耐药问题!

2017-04-21 佚名 转化医学网

近几年来,抗生素滥用导致的全球健康问题日益凸显,越来越多的科学家开始寻找新的方法以对付诸如艰难梭菌(Clostridium difficile)等致命细菌带来的感染问题。在这其中最为引人注目的,可以说是基于CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术的“有害菌自毁CRISPR药丸”。除了精确编辑人类基因以治愈疾病之外,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术已经越加广泛被用于其他用途的研究。美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊

近几年来,抗生素滥用导致的全球健康问题日益凸显,越来越多的科学家开始寻找新的方法以对付诸如艰难梭菌(Clostridium difficile)等致命细菌带来的感染问题。在这其中最为引人注目的,可以说是基于CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术的“有害菌自毁CRISPR药丸”。

除了精确编辑人类基因以治愈疾病之外,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术已经越加广泛被用于其他用途的研究。

美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校食品科学家Jan-Peter Van Pijkeren表示,科学家们希望将CRISPR/Cas9系统转变超为一种精细微生物治疗体系,以精确杀死那些潜在的致命细菌。

虽然不为公众所熟知,但艰难梭菌仍然是全美疾病防控系统所面临的最大威胁。由于细菌耐药性的日益提高,全美2015年共有近50万人感染艰难梭菌,15000人直接或间接死于这类感染。

Van Pijkeren等人希望能够使用噬菌体向艰难梭菌发送一个错误信息,使细菌对自己的DNA进行致死切割。

为了做到这一点,Van Pijkeren实验室正在开发能够携带特定CRISPR信息的噬菌体。为了让病毒进入病人体内,Pijkeren团队计划将其感染至无毒细菌或益生菌混合物中,以药丸或液体的形式为病人所直接摄入。当益生菌通过人体肠道被胃酸分解时,噬菌体就能够爆发并感染任何附近的艰难梭菌,注入特定的CRISPR序列促进艰难梭菌自毁。

在Van Pijkeren的研究之前,使用噬菌体触发CRISPR有效杀死皮肤细菌,帮助打击发展中国家常见的腹泻与感染志贺氏菌疾病已经被学术界所证实。

目前,包括法国Eligo Bioscience和美国Locus Biosciences等公司都开始在商业上推行基于CRISPR/Cas9的抗菌药物。

CRISPR/Cas9抗菌药的吸引力在于这些药物在理论上精确地杀死某一种具体的细菌,保护益生菌不受伤害。相比之下,广谱抗生素则在杀死病原菌的同时大量破坏人类肠道中的益生菌。

德克萨斯大学传染病中心主任Herbert DuPont表示:“只要我们在医院或疗养院内将患者安置在一起,在我们给予抗生素治疗的同时我们就一定会遇到艰难梭菌的问题。”

也许这也正是Van Pijkeren及其同事开发CRISPR抗生素的初衷。然而虽然基因编辑抗生素具有巨大前景,在取代目前的广谱抗生素之前,基因编辑抗生素还有很长一段路要走。与其完全替代传统抗生素,基因编辑抗生素更可能在不久的将来成为传统抗生素的补充,帮助人类更好地解决全球抗生素耐药问题。

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    2017-10-14 sunylz
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    2017-09-19 shock_melon
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    2017-04-22 yuandd
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927652, encodeId=34ec192e6528d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a59234e3b4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biotech#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3473, encryptionId=a59234e3b4, topicName=Biotech)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Oct 11 09:02:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1917448, encodeId=6e21191e44803, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Sat Oct 14 23:02:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1652189, encodeId=a94b1652189e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=13d01e24509' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TEC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17245, encryptionId=13d01e24509, topicName=TEC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=852f24292001, createdName=shock_melon, createdTime=Tue Sep 19 17:02:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1807577, encodeId=a008180e57740, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec2b80423ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#耐药问题#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=80423, encryptionId=ec2b80423ef, topicName=耐药问题)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=de89102, createdName=liuyong2980, createdTime=Wed Jan 03 20:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1276022, encodeId=38ce12e602293, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=755d5211a0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CRISPR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5211, encryptionId=755d5211a0, topicName=CRISPR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=583c133, createdName=yuandd, createdTime=Sat Apr 22 23:02:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189355, encodeId=484f18935514, content=很好,学习了分享了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=387d1660055, createdName=dhzzm, createdTime=Fri Apr 21 12:32:49 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189325, encodeId=4c0d18932512, content=学习了很好的内容, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJiaCBO9f33YY0a9cL4rhSH23PNEOVia2szWTbUl6IgFnukCuC2ptOD5mAC0Ax8qGt2pjwudkREHlmA/132, createdBy=d39e1630897, createdName=1dd8aa01m06(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 21 09:37:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-21 dhzzm

    很好,学习了分享了

    0

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    2017-04-21 1dd8aa01m06(暂无匿称)

    学习了很好的内容

    0

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