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Science:肠道病原体能利用人体修复机制让我们病倒

2016-09-20 佚名 生物探索

导语:为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。加州大学戴维斯分校的通讯作者And

导语:为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。

为什么一些食源性细菌会使我们生病?一篇9月16日发表在Science杂志上的一篇论文发现,肠道中的病原体引起损害,是因为它们能从原本用来修复细菌起初对肠道损害的免疫系统反应中获益。

加州大学戴维斯分校的通讯作者Andreas Bäumler教授说:“这个发现很重要,因为它解释了一些肠道病原菌可以利用哺乳动物细胞获得它们呼吸需要的氧气。这项发现还为针对肠道菌群的代谢,以防止有害细菌在肠道中扩张的新发展战略提供了展望。抗生素的滥用会加剧这种状况。”

病原菌将肠道改变成有氧状态有利自己生长

一个健康的大肠大部分是没有氧气的,居住在那里的有益的微生物在这种厌氧环境中茁壮成长。相反,肠道致病菌,如人类中的大肠埃希氏杆菌Escherichia coli或小鼠中的柠檬酸杆菌Citrobacter rodentium,需要氧气才能生存。

Bäumler教授发现了这些病原体如何改变肠道环境,有利于自己的成长。

Bäumler教授说:肠道病原菌用毒力因子损伤肠壁,导致腹泻。为了修复损伤,机体加速了形成肠壁的上皮细胞的分裂,使未成熟的细胞移向粘膜表面。这些新的细胞中含有较多的氧,提高了整个大肠中的氧含量,创造出了一个使肠道病原菌如E. coli等胜出肠道厌氧微生物的环境。

Bäumler教授的研究对开发靶向造成肠道功能损伤的毒力因子,或者支持肠道健康菌群的组成提供对入侵微生物抗性的新方案有着重要的意义。

该发现在细菌耐药性时代的重要意义

Bäumler教授说:“抗生素耐药性的细菌菌株的崛起已成为全球重要的公共健康威胁,由于越来越多的细菌菌株对设计用来杀死它们药物没有反应。在过去的50年里治疗传染病取得的进步里现在是危险的。”

今年,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)鉴定出三种耐药性有机体---难辨梭状芽孢杆菌、耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌和淋病奈瑟氏菌,迫切需要关注。而且在5月,英国政府委托发布的一份报告预测到2050年,抗菌药物耐药性感染每年可能夺去1千万人的性命,且会给全球经济造成高达100万亿美元的损失。

了解肠道病原体如何操纵机体的自然防御机制,来让肠胃道内外处于异常状态是加州大学戴维斯分校一个新兴的研究领域。来自该分校的科学家正在研究抗生素的耐药性以及肠道菌群失衡的对多个方面的影响——包括大脑的健康和行为、肥胖、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合症、消化道癌症、心血管疾病、脂肪肝、自闭症、关节炎、哮喘。

原始出处:

Lopez CA1, Miller BM1, Rivera-Chávez F1, Velazquez EM1, Byndloss MX1, Chávez-Arroyo A1, Lokken KL1, Tsolis RM1, Winter SE2, Bäumler AJ3.Virulence factors enhance Citrobacter rodentium expansion through aerobic respiration.Science. 2016 Sep 16.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770499, encodeId=91d51e70499a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=05fe2665508' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26655, encryptionId=05fe2665508, topicName=体能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80ae38174281, createdName=liubm568, createdTime=Wed May 24 12:38:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144389, encodeId=a1d81443892e, content=好文章,长见识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 15:05:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375339, encodeId=be9f13e53391c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510627, encodeId=4b88151062eae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132436, encodeId=502313243649, content=马克, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ef51928094, createdName=parapluie, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 17:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131540, encodeId=e0e1131540e6, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Sep 20 18:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-24 liubm568
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770499, encodeId=91d51e70499a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=05fe2665508' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26655, encryptionId=05fe2665508, topicName=体能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80ae38174281, createdName=liubm568, createdTime=Wed May 24 12:38:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144389, encodeId=a1d81443892e, content=好文章,长见识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 15:05:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375339, encodeId=be9f13e53391c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510627, encodeId=4b88151062eae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132436, encodeId=502313243649, content=马克, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ef51928094, createdName=parapluie, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 17:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131540, encodeId=e0e1131540e6, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Sep 20 18:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,长见识

    0

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    2016-09-22 jichang
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    2016-09-22 xue8605
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1770499, encodeId=91d51e70499a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=05fe2665508' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#体能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=26655, encryptionId=05fe2665508, topicName=体能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=80ae38174281, createdName=liubm568, createdTime=Wed May 24 12:38:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=144389, encodeId=a1d81443892e, content=好文章,长见识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 15:05:34 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375339, encodeId=be9f13e53391c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1510627, encodeId=4b88151062eae, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2efbe0807b1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病原体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70807, encryptionId=2efbe0807b1, topicName=病原体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6c210226313, createdName=xue8605, createdTime=Thu Sep 22 00:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=132436, encodeId=502313243649, content=马克, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4ef51928094, createdName=parapluie, createdTime=Wed Sep 21 17:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=131540, encodeId=e0e1131540e6, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Tue Sep 20 18:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-21 parapluie

    马克

    0

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    2016-09-20 医路开来

    学习啦,,,

    0

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