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J Immunol:坏死性肠炎引发肺部炎症的分子机制

2016-06-17 佚名 生物谷

坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是高发于新生儿的致死性肠道疾病。随着疾病的恶化,会有严重的肺部炎症的出现。针对NEC介导的肺炎的发生机制,来自约翰霍普金斯大学的David J. Hackam课题组进行了深入研究,发现NEC引发的肺部炎症依赖于局部的TLR4信号,且肠道微生物分泌的HMGB1是引发肺脏炎症反应的关键配体物质,HMGB1能够促进肺脏中性粒细胞的分泌以及CXCL5的释放,从而引发炎症反应,通

坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是高发于新生儿的致死性肠道疾病。随着疾病的恶化,会有严重的肺部炎症的出现。针对NEC介导的肺炎的发生机制,来自约翰霍普金斯大学的David J. Hackam课题组进行了深入研究,发现NEC引发的肺部炎症依赖于局部的TLR4信号,且肠道微生物分泌的HMGB1是引发肺脏炎症反应的关键配体物质,HMGB1能够促进肺脏中性粒细胞的分泌以及CXCL5的释放,从而引发炎症反应,通过人为抑制CXCL5的活性,能够降低NEC引发的肺部感染,相关结果发表在最近一期的《Journal of Immunology》杂志上。

此前研究发现,肠炎的发生依赖于肠道表皮细胞表面TLR4的激活,而且,新生儿肠道表皮细胞中TLR4的表达量也明显高于成年个体。另外,TLR4的激活还能够影响Notch信号通路以及肠道干细胞的分化。因此,有假设认为,新生儿肠道中的微生物与TLR4相互作用导致黏膜损伤的发生。同理,肺部表皮细胞TLR4也可能参与了NEC介导的肺部炎症的发生。但是由于没有肺部表皮细胞TLR4缺失型小鼠,这一假设仍得不到验证。

首先,作者比较了正常人与NEC患者的结肠以及肺部样本,通过免疫组化染色,作者发现患者的肠道以及肺部都有明显的炎症反应,相应的,小鼠的样品中也发现了相似的表型。进一步,通过RT-PCR的方法,作者发现患者及患病小鼠样本中IL-8,iNOS的表达量都有明显的增高。另一方面,作者发现患者以及患病小鼠的肠道及肺脏样本中TLR-4的表达量也比对照组要高。这些结果表明,人或小鼠中NEC的发病都伴随着肺部的炎症损伤的出现。

之后,作者构建了肠道表皮细胞(IEC)特异性缺失TLR4的小鼠(M1)、仅仅在肠道表皮细胞表达TLR4的小鼠(M2)以及肺脏表皮细胞特异性缺失TLR4的小鼠(M3)。通过NEC诱导试验,作者发现M1小鼠对于NEC的诱导较为耐受,而M2小鼠出现了严重的肠道以及肺脏的炎症反应。有意思的是,M3小鼠虽然也有明显的肠道炎症反应,但其肺脏却表现正常,没有发炎的症状。这说明NEC引发的肺部炎症依赖于局部的TLR4信号。

进一步,作者发现小鼠肠道微生物分泌的HMGB1是引发肺脏炎症反应的关键配体物质。HMGB1能够促进肺脏中性粒细胞的分泌以及CXCL5的释放,从而引发炎症反应。最后,作者通过人为抑制CXCL5的活性,能够降低NEC引发的肺部感染。

原始出处

Hongpeng Jia, Chhinder P. Sodhi, Yukihiro Yamaguchi, Peng Lu, Laura Y. Martin, Misty Good, Qinjie Zhou, Jungeun Sung, William B. Fulton, Diego F. Nino, Thomas Prindle Jr., John A. Ozolek and David J. Hackam.Pulmonary Epithelial TLR4 Activation Leads to Lung Injury in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis.J Immunol.2016

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    2016-06-19 millore
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    2016-06-18 沉心多思

    好文章,值得学习

    0

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