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多图预警!皮肤镜下不同血管形态都提示什么皮肤病?

2021-09-09 Shirley MedSci原创

近十年来,皮肤镜辅助诊断技术在国内发展迅速,为临床诊疗提供了更多信息,提高了临床诊断准确率。血管形态是一类血管结构,是分析色素性肿瘤、非色素性肿瘤等皮肤镜表现基础。

近十年来,皮肤镜辅助诊断技术在国内发展迅速,为临床诊疗提供了更多信息,提高了临床诊断准确率。血管形态是一类血管结构,是分析色素性肿瘤、非色素性肿瘤等皮肤镜表现基础。

下图是皮肤镜下常见的几种形态的示意图。

点状血管

形态:微小的,针尖样血管

常见于:日光性角化病,鲍温病,鳞状细胞癌,透明细胞棘皮瘤,银屑病,玫瑰糠疹,湿疹,扁平苔藓,毛囊角化病等

斑块状银屑病,皮肤镜下可见亮红色背景上一致分布的点状或小球状血管,来源(协和皮肤镜图谱)

树枝状血管(arborizing vessels)/分枝状血管

形态:直径大的血管不规则分支成极小的终末毛细血管

见于:基底细胞癌、光老化等

(协和皮肤镜图谱)

来源(中国基底细胞癌皮肤镜特征专家共识(2019)

发夹样血管(hairpin vessels)/袢状血管(looped vessels)

形态:两个平行的线状血管形成半环状或发夹样结构

常见于:银屑病,鳞状细胞癌,脂溢性角化病,表皮内癌,基地细胞癌,角化棘皮瘤,恶性黑色素瘤,小汗腺汗孔瘤

红色环状血管(twisted red loops vessels)

形态:扭曲的血管形成闭合或者不闭合的环状结构

常见于:银屑病,脂溢性皮炎,脱发性毛囊炎

来源(协和皮肤镜图谱)

斑块型银屑病,黑色箭头示环状血管,黄色箭头示发夹样血管

逗号状血管(comma vessles)/弯曲血管(curved vessels)

形态:弯曲的短线状血管

表皮痣,发育不良痣综合征,恶性黑色素瘤,基底细胞癌,皮肤纤维瘤

规则线装血管(linear-regular vessels)

形态:主要为细短的线状血管

常见于:湿疹,扁平苔藓,暂时性棘层松解性病

不规则线状血管(linear irregular vessels)/蛇形血管(serpentine vessels)

形态:轻微弯曲的线状血管,若大小、形状、曲度不同呈随意或随机分布时为不规则,多处弯曲的不规则线状血管也称蛇形

常见于:角皮棘皮瘤,基底细胞癌,恶行黑色素瘤,日光性角化病,环状肉芽肿等

螺旋状血管(helical vessels)/开塞钻状血管(Corkscrew)

形态:沿中轴多初弯曲扭动的扭曲环状血管

常见于:恶性黑色素瘤,基底细胞癌,表皮内癌,转移癌,血管瘤

婴幼儿血管瘤,来源:张曌,等,婴幼儿血管瘤皮肤镜下特征。

黑色箭头:螺旋状血管,绿色箭头:线状血管,红色箭头:逗号样血管,紫色箭头:红色腔隙样结构

盘绕状血管(coiled vessels)/肾小球状血管(Glomerular vessels)

形态:肾小球样紧密盘绕的血管

常见于:鲍温病,表皮内癌,基地细胞癌,疣,头皮银屑病,脂溢性皮炎,结节性痒疹,淤积性皮炎

银屑病,来源——刘晓洁等:皮肤镜动态观察银屑病治疗前后血管变化与皮损变化的相关性

团块(clods)/紫红色腔隙(red-purple lacunes)

形态:红色、红蓝色、栗色或暗红至黑色,边界企管处或不清楚的圆形或者卵圆形区域,由中间基质所分隔,腔隙内无血管

常见于:血管瘤,鲜红斑痣,卡泼西肉瘤

靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤患者皮损皮肤镜图像,来源:胡艺,等,皮肤镜、皮肤共聚焦显微镜、皮肤超声联合观察靶样含铁血黄素沉积性血管瘤

乳红色球(milky red globules)

形态:模糊的乳红色小球结构或团块

常见于:黑色素瘤,SPitz痣,基底细胞癌,Markel细胞癌

粉红色区域(pinkish area)

形态:弥漫的粉红色区域

常见于:扁平苔藓样角化症,基底细胞癌,恶性黑色素瘤

恶性黑色素瘤,皮肤镜下可见大面积粉红色区域,来源(协和皮肤镜图谱)

点状连接线状血管(Dot and linear vessels)/精子样血管(Spermatozoa-like vessels)

形态:点状血管连接较短的弯曲状血管

常见于:蕈样肉芽肿

精子样血管为本病的特征性改变,对诊断本病有很高的特异性

来源:余时娟 ,儿童色素减退型蕈样肉芽肿 5 例临床分析及文献复习

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1826148, encodeId=fd03182614809, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6a6e206066' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72060, encryptionId=f6a6e206066, topicName=皮肤病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=一叶知秋, createdTime=Wed Oct 06 19:43:41 CST 2021, time=2021-10-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1059255, encodeId=0bc71059255b1, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f1cd5514651, createdName=疏疏, createdTime=Sun Oct 10 21:34:29 CST 2021, time=2021-10-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1016896, encodeId=85581016896b2, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e5015415551, createdName=ms9000000172027049, createdTime=Sun Sep 12 23:40:47 CST 2021, time=2021-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1486656, encodeId=85231486656f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=860ae21262f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#皮肤镜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72126, encryptionId=860ae21262f, topicName=皮肤镜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9f408195718, createdName=lvliquan, createdTime=Sat Sep 11 08:43:41 CST 2021, time=2021-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-10-10 疏疏

    学习了

    0

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    2021-09-12 ms9000000172027049

    学习了

    0

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